Wikipedia

Axis of Resistance

unofficial military coalition between Iran, Syria, and aligned movements

The Axis of Resistance is a political term reffering to an unofficial military alliance between Iran, Syria, and other groups.[28] Hezbollah is also often considered a member of the Axis of Resistance.[29] The Houthi movement and the Popular Mobilization Forces have also been sometimes considered members of the Axis of Resistance. It has been involved in the War on Terrorism and related conflicts. The Axis of Resistance is commonly defined by anti-NATO, anti-Israeli, and anti-Saudi Arabian sentinments.[30] Some non-Shia groups such as Hamas and the Taliban are sometimes considered members of the Axis of Resistance.

Axis of Resistance
Leaders
Group(s)Primary
List
HeadquartersIran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and North-Western Yemen
IdeologyRevolutionary Shia Islamism
Anti-Zionism
Anti-Westernism
Opposition to American, Israeli and Gulf states' interests in the Middle East
Opposition to the MEK[10]
Political positionBig tent
StatusActive unofficial military alliance
Allies
Allies

Non-state allies

Opponents
Opponents

Non-state opponents

Former opponents
Battles and warsIran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict, Iran–Israel proxy conflict, Syrian Civil War, Israel–Hamas war, 2024 Iran–Israel conflict

References change

  1. ↑ "The Huseynyun: Iran's new IRGC-backed movement in Azerbaijan". Middle East Monitor. October 9, 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Iran Update, October 18, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 2023-10-18. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  3. ↑ "The Nujaba Movement – the Movement of the Noble Ones: One of the dominant pro-Iranian militias in Iraq". The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. May 14, 2023.
  4. ↑ Dana Taib Menmy; Oliver Mizzi (8 November 2023). "Who is the Islamic Resistance in Iraq, the mysterious group attacking US and Israeli targets over Gaza?". The New Arab.
  5. ↑ "سياسة - همام حمودي لوكالة ايرانية: المجلس الأعلى عاد إلى الإمام الخميني - سومر نيوز". Archived from the original on 2019-03-05. Retrieved 2022-01-02.
  6. ↑ "ظهرت الاحجام السياسية. الان بدأت معركة الأغلبية المطلقة. تشكيل الحكومة أم المعارك || قاسم متيرك". Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
  7. ↑ Hussein Abou Saleh (2 November 2023). "Iran's 'axis of resistance': how Hamas and Tehran are attempting to galvanise their allies against Israel". The Conversation. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  8. ↑ Fabian, Emanuel (19 October 2023). "IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  9. ↑ "Hamas quashes armed Shiite movement Sabireen in Gaza". Al-Monitor. 21 March 2019.
  10. ↑ "Beware Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' | People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK)". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2020-01-16.
  11. ↑ Jay Solomon (2017-11-27). "High-Level Contacts Between North Korea and Iran Hint at Deeper Military Cooperation". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  12. ↑ "Iranian press review: Venezuela part of 'Axis of Resistance', says Maduro". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
  13. ↑ "Defending Latin America's Resistance Axis | Un enfoque diferente - Nicaragua - a different focus".
  14. ↑ Vivian Nereim (13 September 2023). "U.S. Deepens Security Pledge to Bahrain, an Adversary of Iran". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  15. ↑ Michael Scollon (19 October 2023). "Iran's 'Axis Of Resistance': A Network Designed To Create Chaos, Fight Tehran's Enemies". Radio Free Europe. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  16. ↑ Fatima Al-Kassab (26 October 2023). "What is the 'axis of resistance' of Iran-backed groups in the Middle East?". NPR. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  17. ↑ Steinberg, Guido; Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik (2021). "The "Axis of Resistance" Iran's Expansion in the Middle East Is Hitting a Wall". SWP Research Paper. doi:10.18449/2021RP06.
  18. ↑ Cafarella, Jennifer (2014). "Jabhat al-Nusra in Syria: An Islamic Emirate for Al-Qaeda" (PDF). Middle East Security Report 25. Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of War: 8–46. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2022.
  19. ↑ Alkhshali, Hamdi; Starr, Barbara (28 February 2017). "Deputy al Qaeda leader killed In Syria". CNN. Archived from the original on 6 October 2022.
  20. ↑ "IRAN'S SHADOW WAR ON ISIS". 18 November 2019.
  21. ↑ Nadimi, Farzim (10 September 2014). "Iran Is Expanding Its Military Role in Iraq in a Bunch of Ways". Business Insider. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  22. ↑ "Beware Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' | People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK)". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2020-01-16.
  23. ↑ "Egypt sends Assad secret arms aid, including missiles, with Russian funding". debka.com.
  24. ↑ "Egypt voices support for Russia's moves in Syria". Reuters. 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
  25. ↑ "Victory for Assad looks increasingly likely as world loses interest in Syria". The Guardian. 31 August 2017. Returning from a summit in the Saudi capital last week, opposition leaders say they were told directly by the foreign minister, Adel al-Jubeir, that Riyadh was disengaging.
  26. ↑ Samia Nakhoul, Aziz El Yaakoubi (24 May 2023). "Saudi embrace of Assad sends strong signal to US". Reuters. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  27. ↑ "UAE reopens Syria embassy in boost for Assad". Reuters. 27 December 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  28. ↑ "Iran: Syria part of 'axis of resistance'". CNN. 2012-08-07. Retrieved 2022-04-02.
  29. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111425/http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/Middle%20East%20North%20Africa/Iraq%20Syria%20Lebanon/Lebanon/97%20Drums%20of%20War%20-%20Israel%20and%20the%20Axis%20of%20Resistance.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2022-04-02. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  30. ↑ Sullivan, Marisa (April 2014), Hezbollah in Syria (PDF), Institute for the Study of War


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