Jōwa (Heian period)

Jōwa (承和) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Tenchō and before Kashō. This period started in January 834 and ended in July 848.^[1] During this time, the emperors were Junna-tennō (淳和天皇) and Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇).^[2]

Events of the Jōwa era change

In Jōwa 1, a cherry tree was planted in the main courtyard of the Heian Palace

There were disturbances when Emperor Junna abdicated; and this time was called Jōwa no Hen.^[3]

834 (Jōwa 1): Emperor Ninmyō planted a cherry tree near the shishinden to replace the tree Emperor Kammu planted when the capital of Japan was moved to Heian-kyō (Kyoto).^[4]

834 (Jōwa 1): Kukai was permitted to create a Buddhist chapel at the Imperial Palace.^[5]

11 June 840 (Jōwa 7, 8th day of the 5th month): Former-Emperor Junna died at the age of 55.^[6]

841 (Jōwa 8, 11th month): A broom star was seen in the west.^[7]

24 August 842 (Jōwa 9, 15th day of the 7th month): Former-Emperor Saga died at the age of 57.^[8]

843 (Jōwa 10): Work was completed on the Nihon kōki.^[9]

Coins minted from 835 to 847 were known as Jōwa-shōhō.^[10]

Related pages change

Heian period

References change

↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Jōwa" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 434.
↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales empereurs du Japon, pp. 106-111; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 284; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 164-165.
↑ Nussbaum, "Jōwa no Hen" at p. 434.
↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, p. 63.
↑ Kukai. (1972). Kūkai: Major Works (S. Hakeda, editor), p. 59.
↑ Brown, p. 284; Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 淳和天皇 (53); retrieved 2011-12-27.
↑ Pankenier, David et al. (2008). Archaeoastronomy in East Asia: Historical Observational Records of Comets and Meteor Showers from China, Japan, and Korea, p. 98.
↑ Brown, p. 282; Varley, p. 163; Kunaichō, 嵯峨天皇 (52); retrieved 2012-5-22.
↑ Nussbaum, "Nihon Kōki" at p. 709.
↑ Nussbaum, "Jōwa-shōhō" at p. 434.

Other websites change

National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Jōwa	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th
	834	835	836	837	838	839	840	841	842	843	844	845	846	847	848

Preceded by:
Tenchō

Era or nengō:
Jōwa

Succeeded by:
Kashō

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[1] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Jōwa" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 434.

[2] Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales empereurs du Japon, pp. 106-111; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 284; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 164-165.

[3] Nussbaum, "Jōwa no Hen" at p. 434.

[4] Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, p. 63.

[5] Kukai. (1972). Kūkai: Major Works (S. Hakeda, editor), p. 59.

[6] Brown, p. 284; Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 淳和天皇 (53); retrieved 2011-12-27.

[7] Pankenier, David et al. (2008). Archaeoastronomy in East Asia: Historical Observational Records of Comets and Meteor Showers from China, Japan, and Korea, p. 98.

[8] Brown, p. 282; Varley, p. 163; Kunaichō, 嵯峨天皇 (52); retrieved 2012-5-22.

[9] Nussbaum, "Nihon Kōki" at p. 709.

[10] Nussbaum, "Jōwa-shōhō" at p. 434.

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