Keiō

Japanese era from May 1865 to October 1868

Keiō (慶応, historically 慶應) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Genji and before Meiji. The period started in April 1865 and ended in September 1868.[1] During this time, the emperors were Kōmei-tennō (孝明天皇)[2] and Meiji-tennō (明治天皇).[3]

The nengō Keiō means "Joyous Concord"[4]

Events of the Keiō era change

 
Goryōkaku was built in the 2nd year of Keiō
  • 10 January 1867 (Keiō 2, 5th day of the 12th month): Yoshinobu was formally established as shogun.[6]
  • 30 January 1867 (Keiō 2, 25th day of the 12th month): Kōmei died;[7] and the succession passed to his son (senso).
  • 10 November 1867 (Keiō 3, 15th day of the 10th month): An Imperial edict defines a restoration of Imperial government.[6]
  • 3 September 1868 (Keiō 4, 17th day of the 7th month): Edo was renamed "Tokyo", which means "Eastern Capital".[8]
  • 8 October 1868 (Keiō 4, 23rd of the 8th month): Battle of Aizu began.
  • 12 October 1868 (Keiō 4, 27th day of the 8th month): Emperor Meiji's role as monarch was confirmed by ceremonies (sokui).[9]
  • 23 October 1868 (Keiō 4, 8th day of the 9th month): The nengō was formally changed from Keiō to Meiji; and a general amnesty was granted.[10]

In 1868, the emperor moved his Imperial court to Tokyo; and Edo castle became an Imperial palace.[10] In this way, the capital of Japan moved from Kyoto to Tokyo.[11]

Keio University was named after this era.[12] It is the oldest existing institution of higher learning in Japan.[13]

Related pages change

References change

  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Keiō" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 505.
  2. Nussbaum, "Kōmei Tennō," p. 553.
  3. Nussbaum, "Meiji Tennō," p. 624.
  4. Lane-Poole, Stanley. (1894). The Life of Sir Harry Parkes, p. 97.
  5. Nussbaum, "Goryōkaku" ay p. 259.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, p. 326.
  7. Ponsonby-Fane, p. 326; Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit, p. 186; Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 孝明天皇 (121); retrieved 2012-5-27.
  8. Ponsonby-Fane, p. 327.
  9. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 328; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami. Compare Kunaichō, Ceremony of Accession (Sokui-no-Rei); retrieved 2012-6-30.
  10. 10.0 10.1 Ponsonby-Fane, p. 328.
  11. Nussbaum, "Meiji-isshin" at p. 624.
  12. Nussbaum, "Keiō Gijuku Daigaku" at p. 505.
  13. Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). The Autobiography of Ozaki Yukio, p. 21.

Other websites change


Keiō 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
1865 1866 1867 1868
Preceded by:
Genji
Era or nengō:
Keiō
Succeeded by:
Meiji