Hexane
chemical compound
Hexane is an organic compound with the chemical formula C
6H
14. It is an alkane with 6 carbon atoms. "Hexane" can mean any of the 5 structural isomers (meaning compounds with the same chemical formula but a different shape) it has. IUPAC naming says that "hexane" only means the isomer with no branches, with the other 4 having different names.
| Names | ||
|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Hexane[2]
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| Other names
Sextane[1]
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| Identifiers | ||
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3D model (JSmol)
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| Beilstein Reference | 1730733 | |
| ChEBI | ||
| ChEMBL | ||
| ChemSpider | ||
| DrugBank | ||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.435 | |
| EC Number |
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| Gmelin Reference | 1985 | |
| KEGG | ||
| MeSH | n-hexane | |
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | ||
| UN number | 1208 | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | ||
| C6H14 | ||
| Molar mass | 86.18 g·mol−1 | |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid | |
| Odor | Petrolic | |
| Density | 0.6606 g mL−1[3] | |
| Melting point | −96 to −94 °C; −141 to −137 °F; 177 to 179 K | |
| Boiling point | 68.5 to 69.1 °C; 155.2 to 156.3 °F; 341.6 to 342.2 K | |
| 9.5 mg L−1 | ||
| log P | 3.764 | |
| Vapor pressure | 17.60 kPa (at 20.0 °C) | |
| kH | 7.6 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 | |
| λmax | 200 nm | |
| −74.6·10−6 cm3/mol | ||
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.375 | |
| Viscosity | 0.3 mPa·s | |
| Thermochemistry | ||
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−199.4–−198.0 kJ mol−1 | |
| Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−4180–−4140 kJ mol−1 | |
| Standard molar entropy S |
296.06 J K−1 mol−1 | |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 265.2 J K−1 mol−1 | |
| Hazards | ||
| Main hazards | Reproductive toxicity – After aspiration, pulmonary oedema, pneumonitis, and death [4] | |
| NFPA 704 |
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| Explosive limits | 1.2–7.7% | |
| U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
TWA 500 ppm (1800 mg/m3)[5] | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | ||
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| Infobox references | ||
Hexane is often part of modern gasoline. Pure hexane has no color and is quite unreactive.
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ Hofmann, August Wilhelm Von (1 January 1867). "I. On the action of trichloride of phosphorus on the salts of the aromatic monamines". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 15: 54–62. doi:10.1098/rspl.1866.0018. S2CID 98496840. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2018 – via rspl.royalsocietypublishing.org.
- ↑ "n-hexane – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2011.
- ↑ William M. Haynes (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 3–298. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3.
- ↑ GHS Classification on [PubChem]
- ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0322". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).