Lexeme
Lexeme is a term in linguistics. They are units of meaning, independent of any inflectional endings, or whether it is one word or several. "Come in" is a lexeme; so is "raining cats and dogs". The largest English dictionaries have about half a million lexemes, though the true figure is likely a great deal higher.[1]
In the English language, run, runs, ran and running are forms of the same lexeme.
A similar concept is the lemma (or citation form). It is the form of a lexeme which is chosen to represent the lexeme, for example, RUN instead of the other forms. Lemmas are used in dictionaries as the headwords. Other forms of a lexeme are usually listed later in the entry. So, all headwords in a dictionary are lexemes.
A lexicon is made of lexemes.
Reference
change- ↑ Crystal, David (1995). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge. p. 119.