Diabetes insipidus
human disease, a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst
Diabetes insipidus is a medical condition caused when vasopressin does not appear in a person's blood. Vasopressin (VAP) is released from the brain, and travels in the blood to the kidneys. There, it pulls water out of the urine, which reduces the amount of urine stored in the bladder.
| Diabetes insipidus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Vasopressin | |
| Pronunciation |
|
| Medical specialty | Endocrinology |
| Symptoms | Large amounts of dilute urine, increased thirst[1] |
| Complications | Dehydration, seizures[1] |
| Usual onset | Any age[2][3] |
| Types | Central, nephrogenic, dipsogenic, gestational[1] |
| Causes | Depends on the type[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Urine tests, blood tests, fluid deprivation test[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Diabetes mellitus[1] |
| Treatment | Drinking sufficient fluids[1] |
| Medication | Desmopressin, thiazides, aspirin[1] |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment[1] |
| Frequency | 3 per 100,000 per year[4] |
If there is no vasopressin in the blood, the kidneys leave the water in the urine, making it less concentrated. The bladder holds more liquid and this means a person needs to urinate more often. It also causes increased thirst.
Increased thirst and urination are symptoms of regular diabetes (diabetes mellitus). That's why diabetes insipidus shares the name "diabetes". Insipidus means not (in-) nice tasting (sipidus)
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