Bronchodilator
A bronchodilator is a substance that dilates (opens up) the bronchi and bronchioles which increases airflow to the lungs.[1] Bronchodilators may be endogenous (originating naturally within the body), or they may be medications taken to treat breathing difficulties or dyspnoea. They are most useful in obstructive lung diseases. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are the most common such conditions. They are also used to treat respritory blockages that usaully occur in the common cold. They are well prescribed by doctors and are really common in households. Although this remains somewhat controversial, they might be useful in bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis.They are often prescribed but of unproven significance in restrictive lung diseases.
Types of bronchodilators
changeBronchodilators are either short-acting or long-acting.[2] Short-acting (SABA) medications provide quick or "rescue" relief from acute bronchoconstriction.[2] Long-acting bronchodilators (LABA) help to control and prevent symptoms. They are used along with inhaled steroids for control of asthma symptoms on a long-term basis.[2] The three types of prescription bronchodilating drugs are β2-agonists (short- and long-acting), anticholinergics (short-acting), and theophylline (long-acting).[3]
Common bronchodilators
changeThe bronchodilators are divided in short- and long-acting groups:
Short-acting bronchodilators
change- Salbutamol/albuterol (Proventil or Ventolin)
- Levosalbutamol/levalbuterol (Xopenex)
- Pirbuterol (Maxair)
- Epinephrine (Primatene Mist now withdrawn)
- Racemic Epinephrine (Asthmanefrin, Primatene Mist Replacement)
- Ephedrine (Bronkaid)
- Terbutaline
Long-acting bronchodilators
change- Salmeterol (Serevent)
- Clenbuterol (Spiropent)
- Formoterol
- Bambuterol
- Indacaterol
References
change- ↑ "What Are Bronchodilators?". American Thoracic Society. Archived from the original on 31 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Bronchodilators and Asthma". WebMD. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
- ↑ Paolo Montuschi (December 2006). "Pharmacological treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
