Central Anatolian Kurds
The Kurds of Central Anatolia[1][2] (Kurdish: Kurdên Anatolya Navîn) are the Kurdish people who have immigrated and been in Central Anatolia (present day Aksaray, Ankara, Çankırı, Çorum, Eskişehir, Karaman, Kayseri, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir, Niğde, Sivas, Yozgat provinces) since about 16th century.[3][4]
They number between 50,000 and 100,000 people. The core of the Kurds of Central Anatolia is formed by Tuz Gölü Kürtleri (lit. 'Kurds of Lake Tuz') who live in the provinces Ankara, Konya and Aksaray.[5]
Early Kurdish migration change
The Germiyanids, were promient Anatolian beylik, consisting of both Turks and Yazidi Kurdish tribesmen, who had been brought to western Anatolia by the Seljuks as militia guards against threatening Turkish tribesmen.[6] Some sources described Germiyanids as Turkish and Kurdish mixed origin[7][8] others described them as Turkomans. They joined Ottomans in 1428.
Tribes change
The largest tribes of the Kurds of Central Anatolia are the Bazaini or Shaikh Bazaini, Judikan, Saifkan, Chelebi, Janbeki, Jehanbegli, Khallikan, Mutikan, Hajibani, Barakati, Badeli, Ukhchizhemi, Rashvan, Sherdi, Urukchi, Milan, Zirikan, Atmanikan, and Tirikan. Formerly, some of the Janbegli, Rashvan and Milan tribes were of Alevi origin and followed Alevism.[9]
Two or the four primary languages are used by the Central Anatolian Kurds. These are Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish and Zaza. Generally, their mother language is Kurmanji Kurdish who have difficulty understanding the dialect spoken in Haymana where the Şêxbizin tribe live.[10] It is said that the new generation of Kurdish people in some settlements no longer speak Kurdish.[11]
Koçgiri tribe change
The Koçgiri (Kurdish: Qoçgirî) is a Kurdish tribal conferedation mainly live in Sivas Province, Turkey.[12] The Koçgiri tribes claim to have left Dersim and arrived in this region several centuries ago, and their customs, culture and physiognomy are completely similar to those of the Dersimites and they retain their links with Dersim.[13] They spoke Kurmanji[13] and are Alevis.
It is possible that the Koçgiri tribes came to this region by forced deportation during the reign of Selim I. But this tribes; It never came under the influence of the Ottoman Empire. They are always armed and have a wealth of rifles and ammunition.[14]
The tribe staged a rebellion in 1921 against Turkish Government of Ankara and brutally suppressed.[15]
References change
- ↑ Ingvar Svanberg, Kazak Refugees in Turkey: A Study of Cultural Persistence and Social Change, Academiae Ubsaliensis, 1989, ISBN 978-91-554-2438-1, p. 28. (in English)
- ↑ Rohat Alakom, Orta Anadolu Kürtleri, Evrensel Basım Yayım, 2004, ISBN 975-6525-77-0. (in Turkish)
- ↑ Rohat Alakom, ibid, p. 14. (in Turkish)
- ↑ Ayşe Yıldırım, Ç. Ceyhan Suvari, İlker M. İşoğlu, Tülin Bozkurt, Artakalanlar: Anadolu'dan etnik manzaralar, E Yayınları, ISBN 975-390-205-0, p. 166. (in Turkish)
- ↑ Müslüm Yücel, "Tuz Gölü Kürtleri", I-VIII, Yeni Gündem gazetesi, 2000, İstanbul. (in Turkish)
- ↑ Bruinessen 1992, p. 161.
- ↑ Magoulias 1975, p. 265.
- ↑ Bierman 1998, p. 527.
- ↑ Rohat Alkom, ibid, p. 63. (in Turkish)
- ↑ Peter Alford Andrews, Türkiye'de Etnik Gruplar, ANT Yayınları, Aralık 1992, ISBN 975-7350-03-6, s. 155.
- ↑ Dr. Mikaili, "Devlet Kürtçe'ye Kapıları Açtı, Ya Biz Orta Anadolu Kürtleri ?" Archived 12 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Bîrnebûn, Sayı: 45, Bahar 2010, ISSN 1402-7488
- ↑ Dersimi 1952, p. 61: "Bu aşiretler katgısız Kürt aşiretleri olup, Sivas vilayetine bağlı Zara ilçesinin Ümraniye, Karacaviran, Bulucan ve Beypınar nahiyeleri mıntıkasında 300 köylere yerleşmişlerdir. [These tribes are unadulterated Kurdish tribes and settled in 300 villages in Ümraniye, Karacaviran, Bulucan and Beypınar districts of Zara district of Sivas province.]"
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Dersimi 1952, p. 61.
- ↑ Dersimi 1952, p. 62.
- ↑ Mango 2012, p. 249.
Sources change
- Magoulias, Harry J. (1975). Decline and fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks. State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-1540-8.
- Bierman, Irene A. (1998). "Art and Architecture in the Medieval Period". In Petry, Carl F. (ed.). Cambridge History of Egypt: Islamic Egypt 640–1517. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-63313-0.
- Bruinessen, Martin van (1992). Agha, Shaikh and State: The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan. London: Zed Books. ISBN 978-1-85649-018-4.
- Mango, Andrew (2012). "The Kurds". In Heper, Metin; Sabari, Sabri (eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-55817-4.
- Dersimi, Nuri (1952). Kürdistan Tarihinde Dersim (in Turkish). Aleppo: Ani Matbaası. ISBN 975-6876-44-1.