The Chainarol, also spelt as Chainalol (literally, "Way of the warrior"[1]), is an ancient Meitei puya which records the armed combats of various gladiators through different periods of history of Ancient Manipur.[2][3][4] It consists of 27 stories of real life incidents of the dual fight between different gladiators.[5][6] Various scholars believe that the first entry in the text is a personal combat dating back to the 1st century AD and the latest episode dating back to the 2nd half of the 16th century AD.[2]

Chainarol (lit. "Way of the Warrior") — Classical Meitei Language Text — Chronicle of 27 historical combats

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  1. Arun, Irengbam (2012). "Chainarol: Way of the Warrior".
  2. 2.0 2.1 Ayyappappanikkar; Ayyappa Paniker, K. (1997). Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections (Assamese-Dogri). ISBN 9788126003655.
  3. "Chainarol Way of Warrior Manipuri Humanitarian Traditions Part 1".
  4. Kloss, Heinz; McConnell, Grant D. (1989). Langues non Constitutionnelles. ISBN 9782763771960.
  5. "Jadavpur journal of comparative literature". 2006.
  6. Singh, Moirangthem Kirti (1998). "Recent Researches in Oriental Indological Studies: Including Meiteilogy".