Composite decking

Composite decking (also called wood-plastic) is an alternative to timber. It is made with recycled plastic and wood. This type of decking is becoming more and more popular as it is eco-friendly in nature and helps to save forests as it can be used as an alternative to wood. It is being used in many environments projects including outdoor dining, leisure areas, balconies and caravan decks, in addition to many decks of all shapes and sizes.

Composite Decking

Composite Decking Variations

History of Composite Decking

Introduced in the 1990s, composite decking offered a sustainable, long-lasting alternative to natural wood. Combining recycled wood fibers and plastic resin, it addressed wood's vulnerabilities like rot and splintering.

Technological advancements over the years have refined composite decking, expanding its design options and improving its performance. Today, homeowners benefit from a wide array of colors, textures, and finishes, allowing for greater customization in outdoor projects. Innovations like capped composite decking provide added durability and resistance to stains and scratches. As a result, composite decking has become a popular choice for outdoor spaces, offering sustainability, longevity, and aesthetic appeal in one versatile package.

Composition and Manufacturing

Composite decking is primarily composed of two main materials: wood fibers (often sourced from sawdust or wood shavings) and recycled plastic (typically from post-consumer waste like plastic bottles). These components are mixed with additives, such as colorants, UV stabilizers, and anti-fungal agents, to enhance performance and aesthetics.

The manufacturing process involves several steps:

• Material Preparation: The wood fibers and plastic are cleaned and processed to ensure quality and performance.

• Mixing: The prepared materials are mixed in a specific ratio, which can vary among manufacturers to achieve different performance and aesthetic characteristics.

• Extrusion or Molding: The mixed material is then heated and either extruded into boards or molded into specific shapes, allowing for various profiles and sizes.

• Cooling and Finishing: Once formed, the boards are cooled, cut to length, and often undergo additional finishing processes to enhance their appearance, such as surface texturing or color application.

Advantages of Composite Decking

• Durability: Composite decking is highly resistant to rot, decay, and insect damage. Unlike natural wood, it does not splinter, warp, or crack, making it suitable for various weather conditions and heavy foot traffic.
• Low Maintenance: Composite decks require significantly less maintenance than traditional wood decks. They do not need to be sanded, stained, or painted. Regular cleaning with soap and water is typically sufficient to keep them looking new.
• Sustainability: Many composite decking products utilize recycled materials, making them a more environmentally friendly option than traditional wood, which often involves deforestation. Some manufacturers also employ sustainable sourcing practices to minimize environmental impact.
• Design Versatility: Composite decking is available in a wide range of colors, textures, and styles, allowing for customization to match various architectural designs and personal preferences.
• Safety Features: Many composite decking products are designed with slip-resistant surfaces, making them safer for use around pools and wet areas.

Disadvantages of Composite Decking

• Cost: While the long-term durability of composite decking can offset initial costs, it often comes with a higher price tag than conventional wood options. Homeowners should consider both upfront and lifecycle costs when making a decision.
• Heat Retention: Composite materials can absorb heat from the sun, making them hotter underfoot than traditional wood. This may be a consideration for areas with intense sunlight.
• Limited Repairability: Damage to composite decking may not be easily repaired. If a board becomes severely damaged, it often requires complete replacement rather than repair.

Installation

Composite decking can be installed using a variety of methods, including traditional fasteners or hidden fastening systems that provide a clean, seamless look. Proper installation practices are critical to ensuring the longevity and performance of composite decks. Key considerations include:

• Ventilation: Adequate airflow beneath the deck is essential to prevent moisture accumulation and ensure the longevity of the material.
• Drainage: Designing the deck with proper drainage systems can help mitigate water pooling, which can lead to mold growth and deterioration.

Environmental Considerations

The production of composite decking involves the recycling of waste materials, reducing the environmental impact associated with traditional lumber sourcing. Some manufacturers also participate in sustainability certifications, ensuring their products meet specific environmental standards.

See Also

• Composite construction
• Composite materials
• Composite lumber
• Wood-plastic composite