Phenylalanine
chemical compound
Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid.
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Names | |||
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Pronunciation | US: /ˌfɛnəlˈæləniːn/, UK: /ˌfiːnaɪl-/ | ||
IUPAC name
Phenylalanine
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Systematic IUPAC name
(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI |
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ChEMBL |
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DrugBank |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.517 | ||
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KEGG |
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PubChem CID
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C9H11NO2 | |||
Molar mass | 165.19 g·mol−1 | ||
Acidity (pKa) | 1.83 (carboxyl), 9.13 (amino)[2] | ||
Hazards | |||
NFPA 704 |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
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This essential amino acid is neutral and nonpolar. This is because of the inert and hydrophobic nature of the benzyl side chain.
The L-isomer is used to biochemically form proteins coded for by DNA.
Phenylalanine is a precursor for tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and the skin pigment melanin. It is encoded by the codons UUU and UUC.
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ihlefeldt, Franziska Stefanie; Pettersen, Fredrik Bjarte; von Bonin, Aidan; Zawadzka, Malgorzata; Görbitz, Prof. Carl Henrik (2014). "The Polymorphs of L-Phenylalanine". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 53 (49): 13600–13604. doi:10.1002/anie.201406886. PMID 25336255.
- ↑ Dawson RM, et al. (1959). Data for Biochemical Research. Oxford: Clarendon Press.