Maximilien de Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (French: [mak.si.mi.ljɛ̃ fʁɑ̃.swa ma.ʁi i.zi.dɔʁ də ʁɔ.bɛs.pjɛʁ]; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) is one of the best-known leaders of the French Revolution. He was born in Arras, France and he went to school to become a lawyer and got his degree at law school. He was elected to the Estates General to help make laws for France. He fought against the French Monarchy, the death penalty, and slavery, and for democratic reforms and the people to have more power. He gained a reputation for defending the poor. His friends called him "incorruptible" for sticking to his moral values and killing his enemies. Later he was elected president of the powerful Jacobin political group.
Maximilien Robespierre | |
|---|---|
 c. 1790, Musée Carnavalet | |
| Member of the Committee of Public Safety | |
| In office 27 July 1793 – 27 July 1794 | |
| Preceded by | Thomas-Augustin de Gasparin |
| Succeeded by | Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne |
| In office 25 March 1793 – 3 April 1793 Member of Committee of General Defence | |
| 24th President of the National Convention | |
| In office 4 June 1794 – 19 June 1794 | |
| Preceded by | Claude-Antoine Prieur-Duvernois |
| Succeeded by | Élie Lacoste |
| In office 22 August 1793 – 7 September 1793 | |
| Preceded by | Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles |
| Succeeded by | Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne |
| Deputy of the National Convention | |
| In office 20 September 1792 – 27 July 1794 | |
| Constituency | Paris |
| Deputy of the National Constituent Assembly | |
| In office 9 July 1789 – 30 September 1791 | |
| Constituency | Artois |
| Deputy of the National Assembly | |
| In office 17 June 1789 – 9 July 1789 | |
| Constituency | Artois |
| Deputy to the Estates General for the Third Estate | |
| In office 6 May 1789 – 16 June 1789 | |
| Constituency | Artois |
| President of the Jacobin Club | |
| In office 31 March – 3 June 1790 | |
| In office 7 August – 28 August 1793 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre 6 May 1758 Arras, Artois, Kingdom of France |
| Died | 10 Thermidor, Year II 28 July 1794 (aged 36) Place de la Révolution, Paris |
| Cause of death | Execution by guillotine |
| Political party | The Mountain (1792–1794) |
| Other political affiliations | Jacobin Club (1789–1794) |
| Domestic partner | Éléonore Duplay (rumored) |
| Alma mater | University of Paris |
| Profession | Lawyer, politician |
| Signature |  |
Robespierre led the committee of public safety during 1793. Through it, he was able to execute the king. Even though Robespierre got thousands of people executed, Robespierre cared about the working class.
He executed King Louis XVI because he was convicted of treason. Under the advice of Robespierre, the Committee of Public Safety came to control France. The period that the Committee of Public Safety ruled France is known as “The Reign of Terror” and Maximilien de Robespierre was their leader. In the Thermidorian Reaction Robespierre was caught and executed with 21 of his followers with a guillotine. The National Convention were the people who overthrew Maximilien de Robespierre.
Early life
changeMaximilien de Robespierre was born in Arras in the old French province of Artois. His family has been traced back to the 12th century in Picardy; some of his ancestors in the male line worked as notaries in Carvin near Arras from the beginning of the 17th century.[1] It has been suggested that he was of Irish descent, his surname possibly a corruption of "Robert Speirs".[2]
References
change- ↑ "Généalogie de Robespierre". Archived from the original on 27 January 2006.
- ↑ Carr 1972, p. 10.
Other websites
change
- Works by Maximilien de Robespierre at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Maximilien de Robespierre at Internet Archive
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