Romanization of Japanese
Japanese language written in Latin script
Japanese uses the Roman alphabet as well as kanji, hiragana, and katakana. Romanized text being used for Japanese words, for example for computers, is called romaji (ローマ字).
Differences among romanizations
changeThis chart shows in full the three main systems for the romanization of Japanese: Hepburn, Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki:
Hiragana | Katakana | Hepburn | Nippon-shiki | Kunrei-shiki |
---|---|---|---|---|
あ | ア | a | ||
い | イ | i | ||
う | ウ | u | ||
え | エ | e | ||
お | オ | o | ||
や | ャ | ya | ||
ゆ | ュ | yu | ||
よ | ョ | yo | ||
か | カ | ka | ||
き | キ | ki | ||
く | ク | ku | ||
け | ケ | ke | ||
こ | コ | ko | ||
きゃ | キャ | kya | ||
きゅ | キュ | kyu | ||
きょ | キョ | kyo | ||
さ | サ | sa | ||
し | シ | shi | si | |
す | ス | su | ||
せ | セ | se | ||
そ | ソ | so | ||
しゃ | シャ | sha | sya | |
しゅ | シュ | shu | syu | |
しょ | ショ | sho | syo | |
た | タ | ta | ||
ち | チ | chi | ti | |
つ | ツ | tsu | tu | |
て | テ | te | ||
と | ト | to | ||
ちゃ | チャ | cha | tya | |
ちゅ | チュ | chu | tyu | |
ちょ | チョ | cho | tyo | |
な | ナ | na | ||
に | ニ | ni | ||
ぬ | ヌ | nu | ||
ね | ネ | ne | ||
の | ノ | no | ||
にゃ | ニャ | nya | ||
にゅ | ニュ | nyu | ||
にょ | ニョ | nyo | ||
は | ハ | ha | ||
ひ | ヒ | hi | ||
ふ | フ | fu | hu | |
へ | ヘ | he | ||
ほ | ホ | ho | ||
ひゃ | ヒャ | hya | ||
ひゅ | ヒュ | hyu | ||
ひょ | ヒョ | hyo | ||
ま | マ | ma | ||
み | ミ | mi | ||
む | ム | mu | ||
め | メ | me | ||
も | モ | mo | ||
みゃ | ミャ | mya | ||
みゅ | ミュ | myu | ||
みょ | ミョ | myo | ||
や | ヤ | ya | ||
ゆ | ユ | yu | ||
よ | ヨ | yo | ||
ら | ラ | ra | ||
り | リ | ri | ||
る | ル | ru | ||
れ | レ | re | ||
ろ | ロ | ro | ||
りゃ | リャ | rya | ||
りゅ | リュ | ryu | ||
りょ | リョ | ryo | ||
わ | ワ | wa | ||
ゐ | ヰ | i | wi | i |
ゑ | ヱ | e | we | e |
を | ヲ | wo | o | |
ん | ン | n-n'(-m) | n-n' | |
が | ガ | ga | ||
ぎ | ギ | gi | ||
ぐ | グ | gu | ||
げ | ゲ | ge | ||
ご | ゴ | go | ||
ぎゃ | ギャ | gya | ||
ぎゅ | ギュ | gyu | ||
ぎょ | ギョ | gyo | ||
ざ | ザ | za | ||
じ | ジ | ji | zi | |
ず | ズ | zu | ||
ぜ | ゼ | ze | ||
ぞ | ゾ | zo | ||
じゃ | ジャ | ja | zya | |
じゅ | ジュ | ju | zyu | |
じょ | ジョ | jo | zyo | |
だ | ダ | da | ||
ぢ | ヂ | ji | di | zi |
づ | ヅ | zu | du | zu |
で | デ | de | ||
ど | ド | do | ||
ぢゃ | ヂャ | ja | dya | zya |
ぢゅ | ヂュ | ju | dyu | zyu |
ぢょ | ヂョ | jo | dyo | zyo |
ば | バ | ba | ||
び | ビ | bi | ||
ぶ | ブ | bu | ||
べ | ベ | be | ||
ぼ | ボ | bo | ||
びゃ | ビャ | bya | ||
びゅ | ビュ | byu | ||
びょ | ビョ | byo | ||
ぱ | パ | pa | ||
ぴ | ピ | pi | ||
ぷ | プ | pu | ||
ぺ | ペ | pe | ||
ぽ | ポ | po | ||
ぴゃ | ピャ | pya | ||
ぴゅ | ピュ | pyu | ||
ぴょ | ピョ | pyo | ||
ゔ | ヴ | vu |
This chart shows differences, which can be clearly seen among them:
Kana | Revised Hepburn | Nihon-shiki | Kunrei-shiki |
---|---|---|---|
うう | ū | û | |
おう, おお | ō | ô | |
し | shi | si | |
しゃ | sha | sya | |
しゅ | shu | syu | |
しょ | sho | syo | |
じ | ji | zi | |
じゃ | ja | zya | |
じゅ | ju | zyu | |
じょ | jo | zyo | |
ち | chi | ti | |
つ | tsu | tu | |
ちゃ | cha | tya | |
ちゅ | chu | tyu | |
ちょ | cho | tyo | |
ぢ | ji | di | zi |
づ | zu | du | zu |
ぢゃ | ja | dya | zya |
ぢゅ | ju | dyu | zyu |
ぢょ | jo | dyo | zyo |
ふ | fu | hu | |
ゐ | i | wi | i |
ゑ | e | we | e |
を | o | wo | o |
ん | n-n'(-m) | n-n' |