Taurine
biologically significant aminosulfonic acid
Taurine is an organic compound. It is up to 0.1% of total human body weight, and is a main constituent of bile. Taurine is essential for the heart, the skeletal muscles, the retina, and the nerves. The body makes it from the amino acid cysteine.
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
2-Aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid | |
| Other names
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid
Tauric acid | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.168 |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C2H7NO3S | |
| Molar mass | 125.14 g/mol |
| Density | 1.734 g/cm3 (at −173.15 °C) |
| Melting point | 305.11 °C (581.20 °F; 578.26 K) |
| Acidity (pKa) | <0, 9.06 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is   ?)
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| Infobox references | |
Taurine comes from the Latin /taurus/ which means bull or ox. It was first extracted from ox bile in 1827.[1]
Food
changeTaurine is in fish and meat.[2][3][4] The daily intake is around 58 mg (range from 9 to 400 mg). It is low or negligible from a strict vegan diet. Taurine intake is generally less than 200 mg/day.[5]
Energy drinks
changeSynthetic taurine is used to make some "energy drinks". Many contain 1000 mg per serving,[6] and some as much as 2000 mg.[7]
References
change- ↑ F. Tiedemann, L. Gmelin; Gmelin (1827). "Einige neue Bestandtheile der Galle des Ochsen". Annalen der Physik. 85 (2): 326–37. Bibcode:1827AnP....85..326T. doi:10.1002/andp.18270850214.
- ↑ Bouckenooghe T, Remacle C, Reusens B (2006). "Is taurine a functional nutrient?". Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 9 (6): 728–33. doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000247469.26414.55. PMID 17053427. S2CID 24064647.
- ↑ Brosnan J, Brosnan M (2006). "The sulfur-containing amino acids: an overview". J Nutr. 136 (6 Suppl): 1636S–40S. doi:10.1093/jn/136.6.1636S. PMID 16702333.
- ↑ Huxtable RJ (1992). "Physiological actions of taurine". Physiol Rev. 72 (1): 101–163. doi:10.1152/physrev.1992.72.1.101. PMID 1731369.
- ↑ "Opinion on Caffeine, Taurine and D-Glucurono — g -Lactone as constituents of so-called "energy" drinks". Directorate-General Health and Consumers, European Commission, European Union. 1999-01-21.
- ↑ rockstar69.com Original Rockstar Ingredients Archived 2007-11-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Chang, PL (2008-05-03). "Nos Energy Drink – Review". energyfanatics.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2010-05-21.