User:Mr. Ibrahem/Exploding head syndrome
| Exploding head syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Episodic cranial sensory shock, snapping of the brain,[1] auditory sleep start[2] |
 | |
| Artistic depiction of flash seen from exploding head syndrome | |
| Medical specialty | Sleep medicine |
| Symptoms | Hearing loud noises when falling asleep or waking up[1] |
| Duration | Short[1] |
| Causes | Unknown[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Nocturnal epilepsy, hypnic headaches, nightmare disorder, PTSD[1] |
| Treatment | Reassurance, clomipramine, calcium channel blockers[1] |
| Prognosis | Good[1] |
| Frequency | ~10% of people[1] |
Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is a condition in which a person experiences unreal noises that are loud and of short duration when falling asleep or waking up.[1][3] The noise may be frightening, typically occurs only occasionally, and is not a serious health concern.[1] People may also experience a flash of light.[4] Pain is typically absent.[1]
The cause is unknown.[2] Potential explanations include ear problems, temporal lobe seizure, nerve dysfunction, or specific genetic changes.[1] Potential risk factors include psychological stress.[1] It is classified as a sleep disorder or headache disorder.[1][4] People often go undiagnosed.[4]
There is no high quality evidence to support treatment.[1] Reassurance may be sufficient.[1] Clomipramine and calcium channel blockers have been tried.[1] While the frequency of the condition is not well studied, some have estimated that it occurs in about 10% of people.[1] Females are reportedly more commonly affected.[4] The condition was initially described at least as early as 1876.[1] The current name came into use in 1988.[4]
References
change- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 Sharpless, Brian A. (December 2014). "Exploding head syndrome". Sleep Medicine Reviews. 18 (6): 489–493. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.03.001. PMID 24703829.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Blom JD (2015). Auditory hallucinations. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 129. pp. 433–55. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-62630-1.00024-X. ISBN 9780444626301. PMID 25726283.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ Frese, A.; Summ, O.; Evers, S. (6 June 2014). "Exploding head syndrome: Six new cases and review of the literature". Cephalalgia. 34 (10): 823–827. doi:10.1177/0333102414536059. PMID 24907167.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Ceriani, CEJ; Nahas, SJ (30 July 2018). "Exploding Head Syndrome: a Review". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 22 (10): 63. doi:10.1007/s11916-018-0717-1. PMID 30062616.