An'ei

An'ei (安永) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Meiwa and before Tenmei. This period started in November 1772 and ended in March 1781.^[1] During this time, the emperors were Go-Momozono-tennō (後桃園天皇)^[2] and Kōkaku-tennō (光格天皇).^[3]

The nengō An'ei means "Eternal Tranquility"^[4] or "Peaceful and Long".^[5]

Events of the An'ei era

The volcano of Sakurajima erupted in the 7th year of An'ei

1774 (An'ei 3): Kaitai shinsho, the first complete Japanese translation of a Western medical work, is published by Sugita Gempaku and Maeno Ryotaku.^[6]
1775 (An'ei 4): Epidemic diseases spread in the Japanese population and 190,000 died in Edo.^[7]
1775 (An'ei 4): Carl Peter Thunberg arrived at Dutch East India Company outpost or "factory" in Nagasaki.^[8]
1778 (An'ei 7): Flooding at Kyoto.^[7]
1778 (An'ei 7): Volcanic island of Sakurajima erupted near Kagoshima and 16,000 were killed.^[7]
12 June 1779 (An'ei 8, 28th day of the 4th month): Former-Emperor Go-Momozono died.^[9]
1779 (An'ei 8): Isaac Titsingh arrived at Dejima.^[8]
1780: After the death of Empress Go-Momozono, the succession (senso) passed to Emperor Kōkaku; and his role as monarch was confirmed by ceremonies (sokui).^[10]
1780 (An'ei 9): Heavy rains and flooding in the Kantō.^[7]

Related pages

Edo period

References

↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 257. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 546. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788, p. 7.
↑ Screech, Timon (2000). Shogun's Painted Culture: Fear and Creativity in the Japanese States, 1760-1829. Reaktion Books. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-86189-064-1.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan, p. 121.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 966. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 186. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.
↑ Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 50. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.

Other websites

National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" – historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
National Archives of Japan: Hinozenshu sanbutsu zuko, scroll showing illustrated inventory of industries in Hizen, An'ei 2 (1773) Archived 2015-10-02 at the Wayback Machine

An'ei	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th
	1772	1773	1774	1775	1776	1777	1778	1779	1780	1781

Preceded by:
Meiwa

Era or nengō:
An'ei

Succeeded by:
Tenmei

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[1] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[2] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 257. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[3] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 546. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[4] Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788, p. 7.

[5] Screech, Timon (2000). Shogun's Painted Culture: Fear and Creativity in the Japanese States, 1760-1829. Reaktion Books. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-86189-064-1.

[6] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[h121-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan, p. 121.

[Nussbaum_2002_966-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 966. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[9] Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 186. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.

[10] Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 50. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.

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