Chalamba (Meitei king)
Chalamba (Ancient Meitei: Chalampa; 1545-1562 CE) was a Meitei king of the Ningthouja dynasty in Kangleipak (present day Manipur). He became the king in 1545 CE.[1] He ruled Kangleipak for 17 years. He succeeded the throne from King Tangjamba (1542-1545 CE).[2] He was succeeded by King Mungyamba (1562-1597 CE).[3][4][5]
He issued coins with signs in ancient Meitei script (Manipuri script).[6]
During his reign, Kshetri people (or the Kshatriyas) immigrated to Kangleipak, and got naturalised as Kshetrimayums.[7][8][9]
Family change
Chalamba married to a Kamrupi princess as a part of the matrimonial alliance.[10][11][12]
According to scholar Wahengbam Ibohal, Chalamba was neither a son nor a brother of his predecessor King Tangjamba. Tangjamba died at a young age of 29 years.[13]
Conquests change
Chalamba ruled over the Tangkhuls and the Chiroo (Chiru) people.[14][15] In 1558 CE, he ruled over the Lanhang (Lamkang/Lamgang) people, by defeating its chief Kapu as captive.[16] In 1559 CE, he also ruled over the Anal people, by defeating its chief Nongningkhoi.[17][18] He ruled over the Naga villages of Anan, Thingnang, and Engthi, by defeating their chiefs.[19]
In 1557-58 CE (equivalent to traditional year Sak 1479), Chalamba brought down two biggest stones from the Oinam hill (in present day Senapati district of Manipur state) and placed one of them in front of his royal palace, and another at the sana keithel (royal market), as a mark of conquests.[20][21][22]
Chalamba defeated the chiefs of the Liangmai village of Nurathen on the western side of the Koubru mountain. He also defeated the Kharam chief of the Kharam village in the Leimaton (Loibi) range, near the Ijei river.[23]
References change
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 336
- ↑ Ibohal Singh, Wahengbam. The History of Manipur: An early period. India: Manipur Commercial Company, 1986.
- ↑ Kirti Singh, Moirangthem. Religious Developments in Manipur in the 18th and 19th Centuries. India: Manipur State Kala Akademi, 1980. p. 38
- ↑ Anthropological Linguistics. United States: Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 2005. p. 206
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 170
- ↑ Sraddhānjali, Studies in Ancient Indian History: D.C. Sircar Commemoration Volume. India: Sundeep Prakashan, 1988. p. 258
- ↑ Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (2020-11-25). The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-29637-2.
- ↑ Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. p. 13. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
It deals with the immigration of Kshetriyas during the regime of Meidingu Chalamba (1545-1562) and the reign of Gambhir Singh (1825- 1834). A large number of Meitei surnames called Kshetrimayum were descendants of the Hindu Kshetriyas. The first immigrants might be traced to Kshetri Durga Singh and his companions. ...
- ↑ Ayyappappanikkar (1997). Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections. Sahitya Akademi. p. 327. ISBN 978-81-260-0365-5.
Over and above the Brahmins many Kshatriyas migrated to Manipur since the reign of Chalamba (1545-1562)...
- ↑ Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. p. 115. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
- ↑ Nath, Rajmohan. The Back-ground of Assamese Culture. India: Dutta Baruah, 1978. p. 90
- ↑ Historical and Cultural Relations Between Manipur, Assam, and Bengal. India: Manipuri Sahitya Parishad, 1986. p. 5
- ↑ Ibohal Singh, Wahengbam. The History of Manipur: An early period. India: Manipur Commercial Company, 1986.
- ↑ L. Joychandra Singh, The Lost Kingdom: Royal Chronicle of Manipur. India: Prajatantra Publishing House, 1995. p. 4
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 336
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 167
- ↑ Singh, Lairenmayum Iboongohal. Introduction to Manipur. India: S. Babudhan Singh; to be had of: Students' Store, 1963. p. 171
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 167
- ↑ Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur. N.p.: Shashwat Publication, 2023. p. 442
- ↑ L. Joychandra Singh, The Lost Kingdom: Royal Chronicle of Manipur. India: Prajatantra Publishing House, 1995. p. 5
- ↑ Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (2020-11-25). The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-29637-2.
- ↑ Parratt, Saroj Nalini. The Religion of Manipur: Beliefs, Rituals, and Historical Development. India: Firma KLM, 1980. p. 115
- ↑ Kabui, Gangmumei. The History of the Zeliangrong Nagas: From Makhel to Rani Gaidinliu. India: Spectrum Publications, 2004. p. 57