Cobalt(II) chloride

chemical compound

Cobalt(II) chloride, also known as cobaltous chloride and cobalt dichloride, is a chemical compound. It contains cobalt in its +2 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is CoCl2. It contains cobalt and chloride ions.

Cobalt(II) chloride
Anhydrous
Hexahydrate

Structure of anhydrous compound

Structure of hexahydrate
Names
IUPAC name
Cobalt(II) chloride
Other names
Cobaltous chloride
Cobalt dichloride
Muriate of cobalt[1]
Identifiers
  • 7646-79-9 checkY
  • 16544-92-6 (dihydrate) ☒N
  • 7791-13-1 (hexahydrate) checkY
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.718
EC Number
  • 231-589-4
RTECS number
  • GF9800000
UNII
UN number 3288
  • Cl[Co]Cl
Properties
CoCl2
Molar mass 129.839 g/mol (anhydrous)
165.87 g/mol (dihydrate)
237.93 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance blue crystals (anhydrous)
violet-blue (dihydrate)
rose red crystals (hexahydrate)
Density 3.356 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.477 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
1.924 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point 726 °C (1,339 °F; 999 K) ±2 (anhydrous)
140 °C (monohydrate)
100 °C (dihydrate)
86 °C (hexahydrate)
Boiling point 1,049 °C (1,920 °F; 1,322 K)
43.6 g/100 mL (0 °C)
45 g/100 mL (7 °C)
52.9 g/100 mL (20 °C)
105 g/100 mL (96 °C)
Solubility 38.5 g/100 mL (methanol)
8.6 g/100 mL (acetone)
soluble in ethanol, pyridine, glycerol
+12,660·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
CdCl2 structure
hexagonal (anhydrous)
monoclinic (dihydrate)
Octahedral (hexahydrate)
Hazards
NFPA 704

0
3
0
 
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions {{{value}}}
Other cations {{{value}}}
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (with six water molecules attached)
Cobalt(II) chloride anhydrous (with no water molecules attached)

Properties

change

Cobalt(II) chloride is normally found in the red (or pink) form. The red form has water in it. It can be heated to turn it into the blue form, without water. The blue form will absorb water from the air and turn red again.

 
Cobalt(II) chloride reacted with hydrochloric acid. The pink form is just cobalt chloride. The blue form is the color that it gives with some hydrochloric acid. The green form is cobalt chloride reacted with a lot of hydrochloric acid.

A different blue form is made when cobalt(II) chloride is reacted with a chemical compound that has chloride in it. Hydrochloric acid works the best, but sodium chloride can be used too. When it is heated, it turns more blue than when it is cooled.

 
Unheated picture
 
The heated picture

for an example. Cobalt chloride can be used to test for chloride ions in this way.

It can be oxidized to cobalt(III) compounds, although cobalt(III) chloride does not exist. If it is made, it just drops a Cl from CoCl3, making CoCl2 (cobalt(II) chloride) again.

Preparation

change

The anhydrous (without water) blue form can be made by reacting cobalt with chlorine. The hydrated (with water) red form can be made by reacting cobalt(II) oxide or cobalt(II) hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.

It is used to place cobalt into other chemical compounds. It can be used to make other cobalt compounds. It is the most common cobalt compound in the lab.

Safety

change

It is a weak oxidizing agent, too weak to ignite things. Cobalt compounds are toxic in large quantities, like any other transition metal compounds. They are not toxic like lead or mercury compounds, though.

References

change
  1. "Cobalt muriate, CAS Number: 7646-79-9". www.chemindustry.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
change