Du gamla, du fria
"Du gamla, du fria" (Swedish pronunciation: [dʉː ˈɡâmːla dʉː ˈfrîːa] doo GAHM-lah doo FREE-ah; "Thou ancient, thou free"), originally titled "Sång till Norden" ("Song to the North"), is the Swedish title and incipit of a 19th-century patriotic song which serves as the de facto national anthem of Sweden – it is therefore unofficial. The lyrics (words) were written by Swedish jurist and antiquarian Richard Dybeck in 1844, and its melody is based on a traditional folk tune which was later rearranged by Swedish composer and librarian Edvin Kallstenius nearly a century later.[1][2][3][4]
English: 'Thou ancient, Thou free' | |
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National anthem of | ![]() |
Lyrics | Richard Dybeck |
Music | Traditional;[1] later arranged by Edvin Kallstenius[2] |
Adopted | de facto |
Unlike Norway's national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet", the Swedish anthem has not been made official yet—the Swedish constitution has yet to mention a national anthem.[5]
Lyrics and translationEdit
Swedish | IPA transcription | Poetic English translation |
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Du gamla, Du fria, Du fjällhöga nord |
[d̪ɵ̝˖βʲ gämˑl̪ä d̪ɵ̝˖β̥ʲ fɾ̥ɪ̝ʝä d̪ɵ̝˖β̥ʲ fjɛ̝l̪ˑhøə̯ɡä n̪ʊ̝βɖ ǀ] |
Thou ancient, thou glorious, thou alpcrowned North, |
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 http://musikverket.se/svensktvisarkiv/artikel/du-gamla-du-friska/ Danielson, Eva; Ramsten, Märta. Du gamla, du friska – från folkvisa till nationalsång. musikverket.se. Svenskt visarkiv / Musikverket. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20171020064144/http://musikverket.se/musikochteaterbiblioteket/arkivregistret/edvin-kallstenius-1881-1967/ Holm, Anna Lena. August 1991. Edvin Kallstenius. musikverket.se. Musik- och teaterbiblioteket / Musikverket. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
- ↑ Sveriges Medeltida Ballader, Vol. 4:1, pp. 16-17
- ↑ http://cylinders.library.ucsb.edu/search.php?queryType=@attr%201=1016&query=Arvid+Asplund&num=1&start=2&sortBy=&sortOrder=ia Collections., University of California, Santa Barbara. Library. Department of Special (2005-11-16). Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project. cylinders.library.ucsb.edu. Retrieved 2017-06-03.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 http://nationalanthems.me/sweden-du-gamla-du-fria Sweden: 'Du gamla, Du fria'. NationalAnthems.me. Retrieved 2011-08-08.
- ↑ https://www.kungahuset.se/monarkinhovstaterna/kungligasymboler/musik/nationalsangen.4.19ae4931022afdcff3800017853.html Archived 2021-01-14 at the Wayback Machine Sveriges Kungahus. Nationalsången. Retrieved 2020-04-20.