Great Wall
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The Great Walls are the largest known structures in the universe. They are based on data set mapping of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The mapping found an unusually high concentration of similarly distanced GRBs in certain areas.[1][2]
Structures larger than 1,200,000,000 light years are incompatible with the cosmological principle according to all estimates.
| Structure name (year discovered) |
Maximum dimension (in light years) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall (2014)[3] | 10,000,000,000[1][2][4] | Discovered through gamma-ray burst mapping, and is the first structure to exceed 10 billion light years. |
| Giant GRB Ring (2015)[5] | 5,600,000,000[5] | Discovered through gamma-ray burst mapping. Largest known regular formation in the observable Universe.[5] |
| Huge-LQG (2012-2013) | 4,000,000,000[6][7][8] | Decoupling of 73 quasars. Largest known large quasar group and the first structure found to exceed 3 billion light years. |
| U1.11 LQG (2011) | 2,500,000,000 | Involves 38 quasars. Adjacent to the Clowes-Campusano LQG. |
| Clowes-Campusano LQG (1991) | 2,000,000,000 | Grouping of 34 quasars. Discovered by Roger Clowes and Luis Campusano. |
| Sloan Great Wall (2003) | 1,370,000,000 | Discovered through the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. |
| Pisces-Cetus Supercluster Complex (1987) | 1,000,000,000 | Contains the Milky Way, and is the first galaxy filament to be discovered. (The first LQG was found earlier in 1982.) A new report in 2014 confirms the Milky Way as a member of Laniakea Supercluster. |
| CfA2 Great Wall (1989) | 750,000,000 | Also known as the Coma Wall |
| Laniakea Supercluster (2014) | 520,000,000 | Galaxy supercluster in which the Earth is located |
| Horologium Supercluster (2005) | 550,000,000 | Also known as Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster. |
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Horvath, Istvan; Hakkila, Jon; Bagoly, Zsolt (2014). "Possible structure in the GRB sky distribution at redshift two". Astronomy & Astrophysics 561: id.L12. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323020. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014A%26A...561L..12H. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Horvath I.; Hakkila J.; Bagoly Z. (2013). "The largest structure of the Universe, defined by Gamma-Ray bursts". 7th Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium, GRB 2013: paper 33 in eConf Proceedings C1304143 1311: 1104.
- ↑ Horvath, Istvan; Bagoly, Zsolt; Hakkila, Jon; Tóth, L. Viktor. "Anomalies in the GRB spatial distribution". Proceedings of Science. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.05528v1.pdf.
- ↑ Klotz, Irene (2013). "Universe's largest structure is a cosmic conundrum". discovery. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Balazs L.G. et al (2015). "A giant ring-like structure at 0.78 < z < 0.86 displayed by GRBs". Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society 452 (3): 2236. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1421. http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/452/3/2236.abstract. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ↑ Aron, Jacob. "Largest structure challenges Einstein's smooth cosmos". New Scientist. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- ↑ "Astronomers discover the largest structure in the universe". Royal astronomical society. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
- ↑ Clowes, Roger et al (2013). "A structure in the early Universe at z ∼ 1.3 that exceeds the homogeneity scale of the R-W concordance cosmology". Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society 1211 (4): 6256. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts497. http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/01/07/mnras.sts497.full. Retrieved 14 January 2013.