Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast

city in eastern Russia

Kurgan (Russian: Курган, IPA: [kʊrˈgan]) is the largest city and the administrative center (capital city) of Kurgan Oblast. It is in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 309,285 (2021 Census), 333,606 (2010 Census);[4] 345,515 (2002 Census);[8] 355,517 (1989 Census).[9]

Kurgan
Курган
Kuybyshev Street in Kurgan
Kuybyshev Street in Kurgan
Flag of Kurgan
Coat of arms of Kurgan
Location of Kurgan
Map
Kurgan is located in Russia
Kurgan
Kurgan
Location of Kurgan
Kurgan is located in Kurgan Oblast
Kurgan
Kurgan
Kurgan (Kurgan Oblast)
Coordinates: 55°28′N 65°21′E / 55.467°N 65.350°E / 55.467; 65.350
CountryRussia
Federal subjectKurgan Oblast[1]
Founded1679
City status since1782
Government
 • BodyCity Duma[2]
 • HeadElena Vyacheslavovna Sitnikova (Елена Вячеславовна Ситникова)
Area
 • Total393 km2 (152 sq mi)
Elevation
75 m (246 ft)
Population
 • Total333,606
 • Rank53rd in 2010
 • Density850/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
 • Subordinated toKurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
 • Capital ofKurgan Oblast[1], Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
 • Urban okrugKurgan Urban Okrug[5]
 • Capital ofKurgan Urban Okrug[5]
Time zoneUTC+5 (MSK+2 Edit this on Wikidata[6])
Postal code(s)[7]
640ххх
Dialing code(s)+7 3522
OKTMO ID37701000001
Twin townsAppleton, Rufina, YulinEdit this on Wikidata
Websitewww.kurgan-city.ru

Kurgan was named Tsaryovo Gorodishche until 1782.

History

change

The city was settled between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще, meaning Imperial Citadel). It was used as a fortress town against attacks from nomads. It was given city status by Catherine the Great in 1782 as Kurgan. Its present name came from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the city.

Economy and military

change

Kurgan is on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It has two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport. It was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.

Climate

change

Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). It has cold winters and warm summers.

Climate data for Kurgan (1991–2020, extremes 1893–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7)
8.0
(46.4)
17.3
(63.1)
31.3
(88.3)
36.6
(97.9)
38.5
(101.3)
40.5
(104.9)
38.5
(101.3)
34.5
(94.1)
24.6
(76.3)
14.2
(57.6)
5.8
(42.4)
40.5
(104.9)
Average high °C (°F) −11.4
(11.5)
−8.9
(16.0)
−0.7
(30.7)
11.1
(52.0)
20.2
(68.4)
24.5
(76.1)
25.8
(78.4)
23.6
(74.5)
17.1
(62.8)
8.8
(47.8)
−2.5
(27.5)
−9.2
(15.4)
8.2
(46.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −15.5
(4.1)
−13.8
(7.2)
−5.7
(21.7)
5.1
(41.2)
13.4
(56.1)
18.2
(64.8)
19.7
(67.5)
17.4
(63.3)
11.1
(52.0)
4.1
(39.4)
−6.0
(21.2)
−12.9
(8.8)
2.9
(37.2)
Average low °C (°F) −19.4
(−2.9)
−18.3
(−0.9)
−10.2
(13.6)
0.0
(32.0)
6.8
(44.2)
11.9
(53.4)
13.7
(56.7)
11.9
(53.4)
6.2
(43.2)
0.2
(32.4)
−9.3
(15.3)
−16.6
(2.1)
−1.9
(28.6)
Record low °C (°F) −47.9
(−54.2)
−47.9
(−54.2)
−44.3
(−47.7)
−27.2
(−17.0)
−10.5
(13.1)
−3.5
(25.7)
2.8
(37.0)
−1.6
(29.1)
−7.7
(18.1)
−24.8
(−12.6)
−38.8
(−37.8)
−46.4
(−51.5)
−47.9
(−54.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18
(0.7)
14
(0.6)
18
(0.7)
22
(0.9)
38
(1.5)
51
(2.0)
61
(2.4)
52
(2.0)
34
(1.3)
34
(1.3)
28
(1.1)
21
(0.8)
391
(15.4)
Average rainy days 1 1 4 10 16 16 15 17 18 14 6 2 120
Average snowy days 23 18 14 6 2 0.1 0 0 1 9 17 21 111
Average relative humidity (%) 82 80 78 66 59 63 69 72 74 77 81 81 74
Mean monthly sunshine hours 72 118 185 237 279 306 300 251 180 109 69 56 2,162
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[10]
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[11]
change

International relations

change

Twin towns and sister cities

change

Kurgan is twinned with:

References

change
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #316
  2. КУРГАНСКАЯ ГОРОДСКАЯ ДУМА (из Устава города Кургана)
  3. "Паспорт муниципального образования Курганской области город Курган". City of Kurgan. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Law #419
  6. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  8. Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
  9. Demoscope Weekly (1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
  10. "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kurgan" (in Russian). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  11. "Kurgan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
  12. "Sister Cities". appleton.org. Retrieved 30 August 2020.

Other websites

change