Wikipedia

North–South divide in Taiwan

uneven distribution of resources between Northern and Southern Taiwan and the effect

North-South divide in Taiwan is made out of Taiwanese government's long-term over-investment in northern Taiwan that led to imbalance in economic development, political authority, medical access, educational supply, savings, and other kind of inequalities between northern and southern Taiwan.[1] Because of this imbalances, southern Taiwanese often feel they're not fairly treated by the government.[2][3][4][1]

In Taiwan, best schools and educational institutions supported by Taiwanese government are based in northern Taiwan. If you're southern Taiwanese wanting to study deeper, you will need to go to northern Taiwan. If you're an engineer or manager in a company, you will often need to go to northern Taiwan to update your knowledge.[5][3][4]

From 1980 to 2000 in Taiwan, money that is paid, usually every month, to an employee was getting higher and higher leading to a tendency that companies moved out of Taiwan.[5][3][4]

At the same time, many companies, who were able to earn more and thus pay more to their employees, started to grow in Taiwan. These companies made higher-value-added products and offered jobs needing college education, not the kind of work that needs physical skills or strength in the past. Because Taiwan's higher educational institutions were near Taipei City, Taiwan, these new companies liked to go to northern Taiwan to run businesses.[5][4]

Before 1980, Taiwan's main industries were farming, fishing, light industries and heavy industries.[3][4] Taiwan was under Japanese rule from 1895 till 1945. Thanks to Japanese's policy that equally distributed resources for economic development, southern Taiwanese could find a job near their home in that time and even in the early time of the governance by KMT who succeeded Japanese to rule Taiwan since 1945. [3][4]

Birth, price, and population

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Since the Taiwanese government invests everything in northern Taiwan, many southern Taiwanese people have had to go away from their home in southern Taiwan to northern Taiwan to find jobs. Some people call this brain drain.

 
Geography of Taiwan

More and more Taiwanese move to northern Taiwan. However, northern Taiwan just has a little plain in the need of buildings. As a result, the price tags for people from southern Taiwan to buy a house in northern Taiwan to live become very expensive.

Because of the expensive housing price, people in northern Taiwan have no choice but to cut their desire to have babies. At the same time, southern Taiwanese don't have enough money to have a baby, so southern Taiwanese people cut their desire to have babies, too. These reasons lead to very low birth rate in Taiwan.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] After many southern Taiwanese people moved to northern Taiwan, because they didn't own a house in northern Taiwan and were new to the environment, these movers' pockets generally not deep enough to pay a new house to start a family.[13][14][15][12][11]

These lead to very low birth rate in Taiwan.[5][15][13][14] Taiwan is one of the countries with the lowest birth rates in the world.[5][15][13][14]

In southern Taiwan, the Skipped Generation Families/Grandparenting Families is common. In that, because many young children's parents have left to northern Taiwan to work. In the end, grandparents become these young children's real parents.[16][17]

Reference

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chu, Tu-Bin; Liu, Tsai-Ching; Chen, Chin-Shyan; Tsai, Yi-Wen; Chiu, Wen-Ta (2005-09-02). "Household out-of-pocket medical expenditures and national health insurance in Taiwan: income and regional inequality". BMC Health Services Research. 5 (1). Springer Nature: 60. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-5-60. ISSN 1472-6963. PMC 1208885. PMID 16137336. As discussed above, uneven distribution of medical care resources in Taiwan has been the target of much criticism. Most resources are concentrated in the North where the population has higher accessibility to health care than residents in non-northern areas (Center, South, East).
  2. ↑ Affairs, Ministry of Foreign; (Taiwan), Republic of China (2007-11-01). "Taiwan's Marginalized South". Taiwan Today. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Zhang, Aizhu (2019). Taiwan cinema, memory, and modernity. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 119. ISBN 978-981-13-3567-9. OCLC 1081038209. ... divisions of Japanese love/hate, unification/independence, and north/south. ... the collective grassroots imagination works its way from the bottom-up and ...
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "The Imagination of North-South Divisions in Taiwan". National Digital Library of Theses and dissertations in Taiwan (in Chinese (Taiwan)). National Chengchi University. 2011. hdl:11296/4gr4h9. Retrieved 2019-10-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Andersson, Martin; Klinthäll, Martin (2012). "The opening of the North–South divide: Cumulative causation, household income disparity and the regional bonus in Taiwan 1976–2005". Structural Change and Economic Dynamics. 23 (2). Elsevier BV: 170–179. doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2012.02.001. ISSN 0954-349X.
  6. ↑ "The Geography of Voting Patterns in Taiwan –Ballots & Bullets". School of Politics & International Relations, University of Nottingham. 2011-11-02. Archived from the original on 2018-11-09. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
  7. ↑ Raffer, Kunibert (2001). The economic North-South divide : six decades of unequal development. Cheltenham, U.K. Northampton, Mass: Edward Elgar. ISBN 978-1-84376-145-7. OCLC 49852584.
  8. ↑ Achen, Christopher (2017). The Taiwan voter. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-05353-7. OCLC 999442809.
  9. ↑ Jinn-Guey Lay, Ko-Hua Yap,and Yu-Wen Chen (2008). "The Transition of Taiwan's Political Geography" (PDF). Asian Survey. 5 (48): 773–793. doi:10.1525/AS.2008.48.5.773. S2CID 15723118. Archived from the original on 2018-11-09. Retrieved 2018-11-09.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ TSAI, CHIA-HUNG (2016). "Regional Divide and National Identity in Taiwan: Evidences from the 2012 Presidential Election". Issues & Studies. 52 (2). World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt: 1650007. doi:10.1142/s1013251116500077. ISSN 1013-2511.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Chang, Bi-yu (2004-12-01). "From Taiwanisation to De-sinification. Culture Construction in Taiwan since the 1990s". China Perspectives. 2004 (56). doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.438. ISSN 2070-3449. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 高孟莓 (2012-01-01). "The Relationship between Relative Deprivation and Birth". National Taipei University (in Chinese): 1–64. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 吳閔鈺 (2006-01-01). "The Influence of Home-Ownership on Fertility in Taiwan". NCCU (in Chinese): 1–61. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Chien-Wen Peng; I-Chun Tsai (2012-06-01). "Long- and Short-Term Influences of Homeownership Rates on Fertility Rates: An Application of the Panel Cointegration Model". Journal of Demography in Taiwan (in Chinese). 無 (44): 57–86. doi:10.6191/jps.2012.2. ISSN 1018-3841. Retrieved 2019-03-25.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 紀玉臨 (Yu-Lin Chi); 周孟嫻 (Meng-Sian Jhou); 賴進貴 (Jinn-Guey Lay) (2012-12-01). "Exploratory Space-time Dynamics Analysis of Regional Income in Taiwan, 1999-2008". The Geography Suggest (in Chinese). 無 (67): 1–30. doi:10.6161/jgs.2012.67.01. ISSN 0494-5387. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  16. ↑ "An Ecological Study of Association between Socioeconomic Indicators and Adolescent Fertility Rates". NCKU (in Chinese). 2009-06-29. Archived from the original on 2020-02-16. Retrieved 2019-10-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ 邱珍琬 (Chiu Jane) (2010-06-01). "Family Education for Junior High Students in Grandparenting Families". Family Parenting and Consultation (in Chinese) (8): 33–66. doi:10.6472/JFEC.201006.0033. ISSN 1992-4461. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
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