Occitan language
Occitan (English: /ˈɒksɪˌtæn/;[8] French pronunciation: [ɔk.si'tɑ̃]; Occitan: [utsiˈta]),[9] known also as lenga d'òc by its native speakers (Occitan: [ˈleŋɡɔ ˈðɔ(k)]; French: langue d'oc), is a Romance language spoken in the south of France, the Occitan Valleys of Italy, the Val d'Aran of Catalonia and Monaco. The regions together are sometimes known unofficially as Occitania.
| Occitan | |
|---|---|
| occitan, lenga d'òc, provençal | |
| Native to | France, Spain, Italy, Monaco |
Native speakers | estimates range from 100,000 to 800,000 (2007–2012)[1][2] |
Early form | |
| Dialects |
|
| Official status | |
Official language in | Catalonia (Spain) |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Regulated by | Conselh de la Lenga Occitana;[4] Congrès Permanent de la Lenga Occitana;[5] Institut d'Estudis Aranesi[6] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | oc |
| ISO 639-2 | oci |
| ISO 639-3 | oci – inclusive codeIndividual code: sdt – (Judeo-Occitan) |
| Glottolog | occi1239[7] |
| Linguasphere | 51-AAA-g & 51-AAA-f |
 | |
 various dialects of Occitan | |
Occitan took a different path Latin from all the above countries official languages. It is sometimes called lenga d'òc ("language of oc", French: langue d'oc) because its word for yes is òc, as opposed to oil (oui) or sì in other languages. That is one way to classify Romance languages.
DialectsEdit
- Alpine (also named Vivaro-Alpine or Provençal Alpine)
- Auvergnat
- Gascon (including Aranese spoken in Val d'Aran, Catalonia, Spain)
- Languedocien
- Limousin
- Provençal
Some of the names (Provençal, Limousin, Gascon) were once used to name the whole language.
SourcesEdit
- ↑ Fabrice BERNISSAN (2012). "Combien l'occitan compte de locuteurs en 2012 ?", Revue de Linguistique Romane, 76 (12/2011-07/2012), pp. 467-512
- ↑ « De fait, le nombre des locuteurs de l’occitan a pu être estimé par l’INED dans un premier temps à 526 000 personnes, puis à 789 000, » ("In fact, the number of occitan speakers was estimated by the French Demographics Institute at 526,000 people, then 789,000") Philippe Martel, "Qui parle occitan ?" in Langues et cité n°10, December 2007.
- ↑ Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche, Italian parliament
- ↑ CLO's statements in Lingüistica Occitana (online review of Occitan linguistics).[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Page d'accueil". Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine - Aquitaine Limousin Poitou-Charentes.
- ↑ "Reconeishença der Institut d'Estudis Aranesi coma academia e autoritat lingüistica der occitan, aranés en Aran - Conselh Generau d'Aran". www.conselharan.org.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Occitan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 7th edition, 2005.
- ↑ Regional pronunciations: occitan = [u(t)siˈtaⁿ, u(t)siˈtɔ, ukʃiˈtɔ].
Other websitesEdit
- Dictionary (written in Occitan)
- Ethnologue report page for language with code OCI (Occitan)
- English-Occitan lexicon
- Orbilat.com Archived 2004-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Overview and grammar of Occitan
- Occitanet.free.fr, a guide to the language
- (in French) Ostaldoccitania.net The house of occitan associations of Toulouse
- (in French) Eonet.ne Archived 2009-05-05 at the Wayback Machine, "LexRomEdic", Electronic version of Lexique Roman of Rainouard (A provisional version is available).
