TRAPPIST-1e
TRAPPIST-1e, also known as 2MASS J23062928-0502285 e, is a rocky, almost earth-size exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone around the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 about 40 light-years (12 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. Astronomers found the exoplanet by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.
 Artist's impression of TRAPPIST-1e from 2018, showed here as a tidally locked planet with a liquid ocean. The actual appearance of the exoplanet is right now unknown, but based on its density, it is likely not completely covered in water. | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Spitzer Space Telescope |
| Discovery date | 22 February 2017 |
| Transit | |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Apastron | 0.0294322±0.000017 AU |
| Periastron | 0.0291335±0.000017 AU |
| 0.02928285 ± 3.4e-07[1] AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.00510±0.00058[1] |
| 6.099043 ± 0.000015[2] d | |
| Inclination | 89.860+0.10 −0.12[1] |
| Star | TRAPPIST-1[3] |
| Physical characteristics | |
Mean radius | 0.910+0.027 −0.026[1] REarth |
| Mass | 0.772+0.075 −0.079[1] M🜨 |
Mean density | 5.65+0.39 −0.42 g cm−3 |
| 0.930+0.063 −0.068[1] g | |
| Temperature | Teq: 246.1 ± 3.5 K (−27.05 ± 3.50 °C; −16.69 ± 6.30 °F)[2] |
The exoplanet was one of seven new exoplanets discovered orbiting the star using observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope.[4][5] Three of the seven (e, f, and g) are in the habitable zone.[6][7] TRAPPIST-1e is almost the same to Earth's mass, radius, density, gravity, temperature, and stellar flux.[1][2] It is also confirmed to not have a cloud-free hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, meaning it is more likely to have a compact atmosphere like the terrestrial planets in the Solar System.[8]
In November 2018, researchers decided that of the seven exoplanets in the multi-planetary system, TRAPPIST-1e has the best chance of being an Earth-like ocean planet, and the one most worthy of further study related to habitability.[9] What's more, according to the Habitable Exoplanets Catalog, TRAPPIST-1e is one of the most possible habitable exoplanets discovered.[10]
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Grimm, Simon L.; Demory, Brice-Olivier; et al. (21 January 2018). "The nature of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 613 (A68). 21. arXiv:1802.01377. Bibcode:2018A&A...613A..68G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732233. S2CID 3441829. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2
Delrez, Laetitia; Gillon, Michael; et al. (9 January 2018). "Early 2017 observations of TRAPPIST-1 with Spitzer". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 475 (3): 3577. arXiv:1801.02554. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.475.3577D. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty051. S2CID 54649681. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ↑ van Grootel, Valerie; Fernandes, Catarina S.; et al. (5 December 2017). "Stellar parameters for TRAPPIST-1". The Astrophysical Journal. 853 (1): 30. arXiv:1712.01911. Bibcode:2018ApJ...853...30V. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa023. S2CID 54034373.
- ↑ Gillon, Michaël; Triaud, Amaury H.M.J.; et al. (23 February 2017). "Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1". Nature. 542 (7642): 456–460. arXiv:1703.01424. Bibcode:2017Natur.542..456G. doi:10.1038/nature21360. PMC 5330437. PMID 28230125.
- ↑ Gillon, Michaël; Jehin, Emmanuël; et al. (2 May 2016). "Temperate Earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star". Nature. 533 (7602): 221–224. arXiv:1605.07211. Bibcode:2016Natur.533..221G. doi:10.1038/nature17448. PMC 5321506. PMID 27135924.
- ↑ NASA (February 21, 2017). "NASA telescope reveals largest batch of Earth-size, habitable-zone planets around single star". NASA.gov. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
- ↑ NASA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory (February 22, 2017). "TRAPPIST-1 Planet Lineup". NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). NASA. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ↑ de Wit, Julien; Wakeford, Hannah R.; et al. (5 February 2018). "Atmospheric reconnaissance of the habitable-zone Earth-sized planets orbiting TRAPPIST-1". Nature Astronomy. 2 (3). Nature: 214–219. arXiv:1802.02250. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..214D. doi:10.1038/s41550-017-0374-z. S2CID 119085332. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ↑ Kelley, Peter (21 November 2018). "Study brings new climate models of small star TRAPPIST 1's seven intriguing worlds". EurekAlert!. University of Washington. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
- ↑ "The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog". Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo (phl.upr.edu). University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. December 6, 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2019.