Wikipedia

1923 Great Kantō earthquake

earthquake

The Great Kantō earthquake (関東大震災, Kantō daishinsai) was a Japanese natural disaster in the Kantō region of the island of Honshū.[11] The earthquake struck at 11:58:44 am JST (2:58:44 UTC) on Saturday, September 1, 1923. It lasted between 4 and 10 minutes.[12]

1923 Great Kantō earthquake
1923 Great Kantō earthquake is located in Japan
1923 Great Kantō earthquake
Tokyo
Tokyo
UTC time1923-09-01 02:58:35
ISC event911526
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local dateSeptember 1, 1923 (1923-09-01)
Local time11:58:32 JST (UTC+09:00)
Duration48 s[1] 4 min[2]
Magnitude7.9[3] 8.0[4] 8.2[5] Mw
Depth23 km (14 mi)
Epicenter35°19.6′N 139°8.3′E / 35.3267°N 139.1383°E / 35.3267; 139.1383[6]
TypeMegathrust
Areas affectedJapan
Max. intensityXI (Extreme)
TsunamiUp to 12 m (39 ft)
in Atami, Shizuoka, Tōkai[7]
LandslidesYes
Aftershocks6 of 7.0 M or higher[8]
Casualties105,385[9]–142,800[10] deaths

This earthquake destroyed Tokyo, the port city of Yokohama, surrounding prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka. It caused widespread damage.[13] About 140,000 people died.

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Notes

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  1. ↑ Kobayashi, Reiji; Koketsu, Kazuki (2005). "Source process of the 1923 Kanto earthquake inferred from historical geodetic, teleseismic, and strong motion data". Earth, Planets and Space. 57 (4): 261. Bibcode:2005EP&S...57..261K. doi:10.1186/BF03352562. S2CID 56376668.
  2. ↑ Panda, Rajaram. "Japan Coping with a National Calamity". Delhi: Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). Archived from the original on 14 June 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
  3. ↑ Kanamori, Hiroo (1977). "The energy release in great earthquakes" (PDF). J. Geophys. Res. 82 (20): 2981–2987. Bibcode:1977JGR....82.2981K. doi:10.1029/JB082i020p02981. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-15. Retrieved 2019-05-13.
  4. ↑ Namegaya, Yuichi; Satake, Kenji; Shishikura, Masanobu (2011). "Fault models of the 1703 Genroku and 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquakes inferred from coastal movements in the southern Kanto erea" (PDF). Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  5. ↑ "首都直下地震モデル検討会" (PDF). 首都直下のM7クラスの地震及び相模トラフ沿いのM8クラスの地震等の震源断層モデルと震度分布・津波高等に関する報告書
  6. ↑ Usami, Tatsuo『最新版 日本被害地震総覧』 p272.
  7. ↑ Hatori, Tokutaro. "Tsunami Behavior of the 1923 Kanto Earthquake at Atami and Hatsushima Island in Sagami Bay". Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  8. ↑ Takemura, Masayuki (1994). "Aftershock Activities for Two Days after the 1923 Kanto Earthquake (M=7.9) Inferred from Seismograms at Gifu Observatory". Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  9. ↑ Takemura, Masayuki; Moroi, Takafumi (2004). "Mortality Estimation by Causes of Death Due to the 1923 Kanto Earthquake". Journal of Jaee. 4 (4): 21–45. doi:10.5610/jaee.4.4_21.
  10. ↑ "Today in Earthquake History". Retrieved 15 April 2016.
  11. ↑ James, Charles. "The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire" at University of California, Berkeley Archived 2014-08-07 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2012-12-11.
  12. ↑ Panda, Rajaram. "Japan Coping with a National Calamity," Archived 2023-06-14 at the Wayback Machine Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA); retrieved 2012-12-11.
  13. ↑ Hammer, Joshua. (2006). Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II, p. 278.

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