Antipope John XXIII
John XXIII (c. 1365 – 22 December 1419[1]), born Baldassare Cossa, was an antipope during the Western Schism. He served as antipope from 1410 to 1415.
John XXIII | |
|---|---|
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| Papacy began | 25 May 1410 |
| Papacy ended | 29 May 1415 |
| Predecessor | Antipope Alexander V |
| Successor | None (Papacy reunified under Pope Martin V) |
| Orders | |
| Created cardinal | 27 February 1402 by Pope Boniface IX |
| Rank | Cardinal-Deacon |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Baldassare Cossa |
| Born | c. 1365 Naples, Kingdom of Naples |
| Died | 22 December 1419 Florence, Republic of Florence |
| Coat of arms | .svg) |
Early life
changeBaldassare Cossa was born in Naples, Italy, around 1365. He came from a noble family and pursued a career in the church. He studied law at the University of Bologna and later became a cardinal under Pope Boniface IX.[1][2][3]
Western Schism
changeThe Western Schism (1378–1417) was a period when the Catholic Church was divided, with multiple popes claiming authority. In 1410, after the death of Antipope Alexander V, Baldassare Cossa was elected as pope by a group of cardinals who supported the Pisan line during the schism. He took the name John XXIII.[1][2][3]
Council of Constance
changeThe schism was causing great division in the church, so in 1414 the Council of Constance was called to end it. John XXIII attended the council but was pressured to resign in 1415 to help reunify the church. After resigning, he was imprisoned for a time by the council.[1][2][3]
Later life and death
changeAfter his resignation, John XXIII was eventually released and spent his remaining years in Florence. He died on 22 December 1419.[1][2][3]
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of June 23, 1419". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-23.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Antipope John XXIII". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2024-10-23.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "John (XXIII) | Antipope & Papal Reformer | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-10-23.