Carbon tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride, also known as carbon tet or Freon 10, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CCl₄. It contains carbon in its +4 oxidation state and chloride ions.

Carbon tetrachloride

Names
IUPAC name Carbon tetrachloride, Tetrachloromethane
Other names Benziform, Benzinoform, Carbon chloride, Carbon tet, Freon-10, Refrigerant-10, Halon-104, Methane tetrachloride, Methyl tetrachloride, Perchloromethane, Tetraform, Tetrasol
Identifiers
CAS Number	56-23-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:27385 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL44814 Y
ChemSpider	5730 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.239
EC Number	200-262-8
KEGG	C07561 Y
PubChem CID	5943
RTECS number	FG4900000
UNII	CL2T97X0V0 Y
UN number	1846
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8020250
SMILES ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	CCl4
Molar mass	153.81 g·mol−1
Appearance	colourless liquid
Odor	Sweet, chloroform-like odor
Density	1.5867 g cm−3 (liquid) 1.831 g cm−3 at −186 °C (solid) 1.809 g cm−3 at −80 °C (solid)
Melting point	−22.92 °C (−9.26 °F; 250.23 K)
Boiling point	76.72 °C (170.10 °F; 349.87 K)
Solubility in water	0.097 g/100 mL (0 °C) 0.081 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, naphtha, CS2, formic acid
log P	2.64
Vapor pressure	11.94 kPa at 20 °C
kH	2.76x10−2 atm-cu m/mol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-66.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.4607
Dipole moment	0 D
Structure
Crystal structure	Monoclinic
Coordination geometry	Tetragonal
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral
Dipole moment	0 D
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298	-139.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy So298	214.42 J/mol K
Specific heat capacity, C	132.6 J/mol K
Hazards
EU classification	T N
NFPA 704	0 3 1
R-phrases	R23/24/25, R40, R48/23, R59, R52/53
S-phrases	(S1/2), S23, S36/37, S45, S59, S61
Flash point	<982°C
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL)	TWA 10 ppm C 25 ppm 200 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 4 hours)
Related compounds
Other cations	Silicon tetrachloride Germanium tetrachloride Tin tetrachloride Lead tetrachloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Properties

It is a colorless liquid. It smells like chloroform. It evaporates quite quickly. It can dissolve fats and oils as well as other stuff such as iodine. It does not burn, but it does make phosgene when heated to a very high temperature.

Preparation

It is made by reacting methane with chlorine. This reaction is similar to the burning of methane (reaction of methane with oxygen). Hydrogen chloride, chloromethane, dichloromethane and chloroform are byproducts (left over substances). It used to be made by reacting carbon disulfide with chlorine. This reaction would produce sulfur(I) chloride.

Uses

The uses of carbon tetrachloride have diminished lately because it is known to be damage people's health. People think it might damage the ozone layer. Today, it is rarely used for anything.

Previously, was used in fire extinguishers. It was also used to make freon, used in dry cleaning and as a refrigerant.

Safety

Carbon tetrachloride is very poisonous to the liver, the kidneys and the nervous system; it might also cause cancer.

Related pages

• Chloromethane - methane with 1 hydrogen replaced by chlorine
• Dichloromethane - methane with 2 hydrogens replaced by chlorine
• Chloroform - methane with 3 hydrogens replaced by chlorine

• Carbon dioxide
• Bromide
• Fluoride