In cryptography, a permutation box (or P-box) is a method of bit-shuffling used to permute or transpose bits (rearrange or swap the order of bits) across S-boxes inputs, maintaining diffusion while transposing.[1]

In block ciphers, the S-boxes and P-Boxes are used to make the relation between the plaintext and the ciphertext difficult to understand (see Shannon's property of diffusion).

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  1. Computer Science and Engineering. "Cryptography 2007" (PDF). Chalmers University of Technology. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)