Ruby (programming language)

Ruby
Paradigm	multi-paradigm: object-oriented, imperative, functional, reflective
Designed by	Yukihiro Matsumoto
Developer	Yukihiro Matsumoto, et al.
First appeared	1995
Stable release	3.3.5 / 3 September 2024; 59 days ago
Typing discipline	duck, dynamic
Scope	lexical, sometimes dynamic
OS	Cross-platform
License	Ruby License or BSD License
Filename extensions	.rb, .rbw
Website	www.ruby-lang.org
Major implementations
	Ruby MRI, YARV, Rubinius, MagLev, JRuby, MacRuby, RubyMotion, HotRuby, IronRuby, mruby
Influenced by
	Ada, C++, CLU, Dylan, Eiffel, Lisp, Perl, Python, Smalltalk
Influenced
	D, Elixir, Falcon, Fancy, Groovy, Ioke, Mirah, Nu, Reia, Crystal
	Ruby Programming at Wikibooks;

Ruby is the name of a programming language that was created in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan. Like other programming languages, such as Python, its structure (the way it works) is very similar to the English language. It has these qualities:

Terse. Short, but still easy to understand.
Dynamic. Easy to change, anytime and anywhere.
Duck typing. If you think you understand it, you probably understand it.

Many programmers like it because the creator tried to make it easy and nice to use.^[10]

Ruby on Rails (RoR) is a web application framework that is implemented using the Ruby language.^[11]

Example

An example Hello World program in Ruby:

puts "Hello World!"

An example program in Ruby that asks for your name and then says it:

puts "What's your name?"
name = gets.chomp
puts "Ah hello there, #{name}"

A function in Ruby that joins the 2 strings (or arrays/integers) into one, removes all numbers from it, capitalizes the string and then repeats it 5 times:

def somefunction(arg1, arg2) # creates a function with 2 arguments. the args can be called anything
    arg = arg1 + arg2 # this joins them into 1 string
    arg = arg.tr("1234567890","") # this replaces all the numbers with a nothing. erases them essentially.
    arg = arg.capitalize # read that out loud
    5.times do # read that out loud too
        puts arg # prints it on a new line
    end
end
somefunction("h1e2l6lo7,"," W5o6r8l9d!3") # does the function

Output:

Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!

References

↑ "Ruby 3.3.5 Released". 3 September 2024. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
↑ "COPYING in Ruby official source repository". Archived from the original on 2017-03-20. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
↑ "BSDL in Ruby official source repository". Archived from the original on 2022-03-21. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Cooper, Peter (2009). Beginning Ruby: From Novice to Professional. Beginning from Novice to Professional (2nd ed.). Berkeley: Apress. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-4302-2363-4. To a lesser extent, Python, LISP, Eiffel, Ada, and C++ have also influenced Ruby.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Bini, Ola (2007). Practical JRuby on Rails Web 2.0 Projects: Bringing Ruby on Rails to Java. Berkeley: APress. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-59059-881-8. It draws primarily on features from Perl, Smalltalk, Python, Lisp, Dylan, and CLU.
↑ Intro – D Programming Language 1.0 – Digital Mars
↑ Bertels, Christopher (23 February 2011). "Introduction to Fancy". Rubinius blog. Engine Yard. Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
↑ Bini, Ola. "Ioke". Ioke.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-07-21. inspired by Io, Smalltalk, Lisp and Ruby
↑ Burks, Tim. "About Nu™". Programming Nu™. Neon Design Technology, Inc. Archived from the original on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
↑ "About ruby".
↑ "What is the difference between Ruby and Ruby on Rails?".