User:Immanuelle/Hozumi clan

Immanuelle/Hozumi clan
Immanuelle/Hozumi clan
Founder	Nigihayahi-no-Mikoto [ja]

Hozumi clan（ほづみうじ/ほつみうじ) is a clan that uses "Hozumi" as the name of their Clan (ancient Japan) [ja]. The Kabane [ja] (hereditary title) was initially Hozumi no Omi and later changed to Hozumi no Ason [en; fr; ja] with the establishment of the Yakusa no Kabane [ja] in the 13th year of Emperor Tenmu's reign (684).

The Hozumi clan is an ancient clan based in Hozumi village in Yamabe District, Nara [ja; en] and Hozu village in Tōchi District, Nara [ja], Yamato Province. They are a Shinbetsu (Kami) (Tenjin and Kunitsukami) [ja] clan, said to be descended from Nigihayahi-no-Mikoto [ja], who entered Yamato before Emperor Jimmu. They are related to the Mononobe clan [ja], Uneme clan [ja], Kumano no Kuni no Miyatsuko [ja], and the Sumara no Kuni no Miyatsuko [ja].

Origin

In the Shinsen Shōjiroku [ja], they are said to be descended from Ominamikuchi no Sukune [ja], a sixth-generation descendant of Nigihayahi-no-Mikoto [ja] during the reign of Emperor Sujin. Further back, they are said to descend from Utsushiko no Mikoto [ja], who lived during the reign of Emperor Kōgen. Utsushiko no Mikoto's sister, Utsushiko no Mikoto [ja], became Empress of Emperor Kōgen and bore Ohiko no Mikoto [ja] and Emperor Kaika. Additionally, in the Kojiki, the Hozumi clan's distant ancestor Takeshi Unayamanohoshi no Mikoto [ja]'s daughter Ototakarashirahime [ja] became Empress of Emperor Seimu and bore Wakanadoke no Mikoto [ja]. In the Nihon Shoki, Ototachibana Hime [ja], who appears as the wife of Yamato Takeru [ja], is said to be the daughter of Hozumi Shinoyama no Sukune, who is considered the same person as Takeshi Unayamanohoshi no Mikoto.

Overview

The specific activities of the Hozumi clan are recorded from the first half of the 6th century, starting with Hozumi Oshiyama [ja]. Oshiyama served Emperor Keitai and was appointed as an envoy to Baekje in the 6th year of Emperor Keitai's reign, stationed in Mimana, and worked to cede four counties of Mimana to Baekje. Despite having the title of Omi, Oshiyama was referred to as "Wa no Oshiyama Kimi" in the Book of Baekje [ja], indicating a special relationship with the King of Baekje, similar to the title "Kurahashi Kimi" given to the Governor of Tsukushi in 554^[1].

Next, Hozumi Iwayumi [ja] appears in the records in the 16th year of Emperor Kinmei's reign, where he and Soga no Iname [ja] went to the five counties of Kibi Province and established the Mikuriya [ja] of Shiraishi.

Hozumi Sokuashi [ja] was appointed as the deputy general to conquer Silla with about 10,000 troops in the 8th year of Empress Suiko's reign (600) and attacked Silla, capturing five castles and subjugating Silla.

In the Asuka period, Hozumi Kusushi [ja] became a Koshikashita [ja], Oyamajou [ja], and in the 1st year of Taika (645), he was appointed the first governor of the eastern provinces and in the 5th year of Taika (649), he led soldiers to surround the Yamadera [ja], where the already deceased Soga no Kurayamada Ishikawa no Maro [ja] had committed suicide, and ordered his head to be cut off. Kusushi's children, Hozumi Hyakuashi [ja] and Hozumi Ioe [ja], were generals for the Omi side during the Jinshin War [ja] in the 1st year of Emperor Tenmu's reign (672). Initially, they mobilized troops for Prince Otomo (Emperor Kōbun [ja]), but after Hyakuashi was killed and the command was taken away, they followed Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu).

With the establishment of the Yakusa no Kabane [ja] in the 13th year of Emperor Tenmu's reign (684), the Hozumi clan was given the title of Ason [ja] among the 52 clans. Hozumi Mushimaro [ja] was sent to Tsukushi in the 1st year of Jitō [ja] (686) to entertain the envoy from Silla, Kim Chisang, along with Kawachi no Ōkimi [ja] and Ōtomo no Yasumaro [ja]. In September of the same year, he reported to the mourning court of Emperor Tenmu. In the 3rd year of Jitō (689), Hozumi Yamamori [ja] was appointed a judge along with Takeda no Ōkimi [ja] and Fujiwara no Fuhito [ja]. In the 5th year of Wadō (712), he attained the rank of Shōgoi [ja]. In the 5th year of Jitō (691), the Hozumi clan was among the 18 clans ordered to submit their ancestral tomb records, which later formed the basis of the Nihon Shoki.

The Man'yōshū poet Hozumi Oi [ja] was appointed an inspector of the Sanyodo in the 3rd year of Taika (703) and in the 3rd year of Wadō (710), marched as vice general under the command of Ōtomo no Tabito [ja], leading cavalry, Hayato [ja], and Emishi [ja]. In the 2nd year of Yōrō (718), he became a deputy minister when Fujiwara no Muchimaro [ja] was appointed minister of the Ministry of Ceremonies. In the 6th year of Yōrō (722), he was exiled to Sado Island for disrespect, but was pardoned and allowed to return to the capital in the 12th year of Tenpyō (740). In the 16th year of Tenpyō (744), he was appointed governor of Naniwa when the capital was moved to Naniwa, and died in August of the 1st year of Tenpyō-Shōhō (749), holding the rank of Jushiinoge [ja] and the position of Ōkura no Taifu [ja].

After Oi, the Hozumi clan's influence declined. Records are sparse, with only occasional mentions of clan members such as Hozumi Rodoku [ja], who was appointed Naizuryō [ja] in the 18th year of Tenpyō (746) and Hozumi Koshihigashi [ja], who attained the rank of Jugoinoge [ja] in the 1st year of Tenpyō Shingō (765) and became Ki no Mezukari [ja]. Female courtier Hozumi Tori is also mentioned. The last recorded Hozumi to hold a government position was Hozumi Karo [ja], who was appointed as San'in no Kami [ja] in the 3rd year of Enryaku (784) following the death of King of Baekje [ja] in May of the same year. After that, the Hozumi clan disappeared from the central aristocracy. However, the Hozumi clan of the Kishu Kumano lineage, descended from Hozumi Nomimaro, produced the Fujishiro Suzuki clan, which prospered with the spread of Kumano worship. Hozumi Nobushige [ja], a legal scholar from the Hozumi family of the former Uwajima Domain in Iyo Province, is said to be a descendant of this Hozumi clan^[2]. The Kitsumi clan, a shrine family of Ishikiri Shrine [ja], is considered to be descendants of the Hozumi clan^[3].

Notes

Template:Note help

↑ Lee Jae-Seok [ja] (2004-03). "The nature of Wa-Baekje officials in the 6th century". Komazawa History [ja]. 62. Komazawa History Society [ja]. {{cite journal}}: Check |author= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Text "和書" ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
↑ Tsunetaka Miura [ja]・Nobuyoshi Taniya [ja] 編『Japanese Jurists』Law Seminar [ja]増刊、Nihon Hyoronsha [ja]、1974年、99頁（Ryuichi Nagao [ja] 執筆）。
↑ Association for the Study of Religious Sociology [ja] 編『The Gods of Ikoma: Folklore Religion in Modern Cities』Sogensha [ja]、1985年。Template:ISBN2。

References

Tarō Sakamoto (historian) [ja]・Kunio Hirano [ja] 監修『Ancient Japanese Clan Names Dictionary』Yoshikawa Kōbunkan [ja]、1990年。Template:ISBN2。
Junpei Suzuki [ja]『The Hozumi Surname Suzuki Clan: The Suzuki Family Genealogy in Kishu Tokugawa 270 Years』（Self-published）、1982年。Template:NDL。
Toshio Hōga [ja] 『Compilation of Ancient Clan Genealogies, Volume 2』Ancient Clan Research Association [ja]、1986年。
Takehiko Yoshimura [ja]. "Hozumi Oshiyama [ja]". National History Dictionary (Shōwa period) [ja]. Yoshikawa Kōbunkan [ja]. {{cite book}}: Check |author= value (help); Check |authorlink= value (help); Text "和書" ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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[1] Lee Jae-Seok [ja] (2004-03). "The nature of Wa-Baekje officials in the 6th century". Komazawa History [ja]. 62. Komazawa History Society [ja]. {{cite journal}}: Check |author= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Text "和書" ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[2] Tsunetaka Miura [ja]・Nobuyoshi Taniya [ja] 編『Japanese Jurists』Law Seminar [ja]増刊、Nihon Hyoronsha [ja]、1974年、99頁（Ryuichi Nagao [ja] 執筆）。

[3] Association for the Study of Religious Sociology [ja] 編『The Gods of Ikoma: Folklore Religion in Modern Cities』Sogensha [ja]、1985年。Template:ISBN2。

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