Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Cosimo III de' Medici (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) was the penultimate Grand Duke of Tuscany. He reigned from 1670 to 1723, and was the elder son of Grand Duke Ferdinando II of Tuscany. Cosimo's fifty long reign, the longest in Tuscan history, was marked by a series of regulatory laws. His reign also saw Tuscany's bad finances become even worse. He was succeeded by his elder surviving son, Gian Gastone de' Medici, when he died, in 1723.
| Cosimo III | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Cosimo in granducal robes, with Tuscan regalia | |||||
| Grand Duke of Tuscany | |||||
| Reign | 23 May 1670 – 31 October 1723 | ||||
| Predecessor | Ferdinando II | ||||
| Successor | Gian Giastone | ||||
| Born | 14 August 1642 Pitti Palace, Florence, Tuscany | ||||
| Died | 31 October 1723 (aged 81) Pitti Palace, Florence, Tuscany | ||||
| Burial | Basilica of San Lorenzo, Tuscany | ||||
| Consort | Marguerite Louise d'Orléans | ||||
| Issue Detail | Ferdinando, Grand Prince of Tuscany Anna Maria Luisa, Electress Palatine Gian Gastone, Grand Duke of Tuscany | ||||
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| House | House of Medici | ||||
| Father | Ferdinando II de' Medici | ||||
| Mother | Vittoria della Rovere | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
He married Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a cousin of Louis XIV. It was a bad marriage and Marguerite Louise eventually left Tuscany to remain at the Convent of Montmartre in Paris. Together, they had 3 children. In later life, he tried to have Anna Maria Luisa recognised as heiress of Tuscany, but Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, would not allow it. Tuscany passed it to the House of Lorraine in 1737.
Issue
changeCosimo III had three children with Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a granddaughter of Henry IV of France:
- Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (b.1663 d.1713)
- Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine (b.1667 d.1743)
- Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b.1671 d.1737)
- 14 August 1642 – 23 May 1670: His Highness The Grand Prince of Tuscany
- 23 May 1670 – 5 February 1691: His Highness The Grand Duke of Tuscany
- 5 February 1691 – 31 October 1723: His Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duke of Tuscany
Cosimo III's official style was "Cosimo the Third, By the Grace of God, Grand Duke of Tuscany."