Fortification

military constructions and buildings designed for defense in warfare and military bases

Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defense during war. People have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, but the designs have become more and more complex. The term fortification comes from the Latin words fortis ("strong") and facere ("to make").

Bourtange star fort, restored to 1750 situation, Groningen (province), Netherlands
Templeborough Roman fort in Yorkshire. The reconstruction was created for Rotherham Museums and Galleries.

Many military installations are known as forts, although they are not always fortified. Larger forts may class as fortresses, smaller ones formerly often bore the name of fortalices. Some are castles. The word fortification can also mean the practice of improving an area's defense with defensive works. City walls are fortifications but not necessarily called fortresses.

The last great system of fortification to be built was the Atlantic Wall.

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  This article includes text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Please add to the article as needed.