John IV of Portugal
John IV (Portuguese: João,[1] pronounced: [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), nicknamed John the Restorer (Portuguese: João, o Restaurador), was the King of Portugal whose reign, lasting from 1640 until his death, began the Portuguese restoration of independence from Habsburg Spanish rule. He was chosen to lead the revolt against Spanish rule. He established the House of Braganza on the Portuguese throne, and marked the end of the 60-year-old Iberian Union, by which Portugal and Spain shared the same monarch.
| John IV | |
|---|---|
.png) Portrait by Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1628. | |
| King of Portugal | |
| Reign | 1 December 1640 – 6 November 1656 |
| Coronation | 15 December 1640 |
| Predecessor | Philip III |
| Successor | Afonso VI |
| Duke of Braganza | |
| Tenure | 29 November 1630 – 27 October 1645 |
| Predecessor | Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza |
| Successor | Teodósio, Prince of Brazil |
| Born | 19 March 1604 Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa, Portugal |
| Died | 6 November 1656 (aged 52) Ribeira Palace, Portugal |
| Burial | Pantheon of the House of Braganza |
| Spouse | Luisa de Guzmán (m. 1633) |
| Dynasty | Braganza |
| Father | Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza |
| Mother | Ana de Velasco y Girón |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Before becoming king, he was John II, 8th Duke of Braganza. He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza,[2] a claimant to the crown during the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. On the eve of his death in 1656, the Portuguese Empire was at its territorial zenith, spanning the globe.[3]
References
change- ↑ Also rendered as Joam in Archaic Portuguese
- ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 148.
- ↑ D.A. Brading (24 September 1993). The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots and the Liberal State 1492-1866. Cambridge University Press. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-521-44796-6.