John Kotelawala
General Sir John Lionel Kotelawala CH KBE KStJ PC (Sinhala: ශ්රිමත් ජොන් ලයනල් කොතලාවල; 4 April 1897 – 2 October 1980) was a Sri Lankan soldier and politician. He was the third Prime Minister of Ceylon from 1953 to 1956.
Sir John Lionel Kotelawala | |
|---|---|
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| Prime Minister of Sri Lanka | |
| In office 1953–1959 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Preceded by | Dudley Senanayake |
| Succeeded by | S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 April 1897 Ceylon |
| Died | 2 October 1980 (aged 84) Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| Political party | United National Party |
| Alma mater | Christ's College, Cambridge, Royal College, Colombo |
| Profession | Politician, Soldier, Planter |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Ceylon |
| Branch/service | Ceylon Defence Force |
| Years of service | 23 Years |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | Ceylon Light Infantry |
Early life and family
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Sir John Kotelawala was from a rich family. His father, John Kotelawala Snr, was an inspector in the Ceylon Police Force. His mother was Alice Attygalle. John Kotelawala Snr committed suicide when his son was 11.[1] The family were in ruins, Alice Attygalle converted to Christianity from Buddhism. He attended the same Royal College, Colombo, but dropped out after independence riots in 1915.
Thereafter he took a trip to Europe after leaving school, which was very dangerous because World War I was being fought there. He stayed in Europe for five years, spending most of that time in England and France and attending Christ's College, Cambridge, University of Cambridge to study farming.
Kotelawala was known as a strict man who loved sports, horseback riding, cricket and particularly as a young man, got into fights when he was made fun of. He knew Sinhala, English and French. After returning to Ceylon, he took up managing his family's "farm" and mines.[2]
Military career
changeHe went on to serve 23 years mostly as a reservist (meaning a back up) since the Ceylon Defense Force was a army reservist of the British Army.[3] In 1939 he became the commanding officer of the Ceylon Light Infantry and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in 1940.[4] With the start of World War II, he became a member of the Ceylon's War Cabinet and was made a Colonel in 1942, the highest rank that a Ceylonese could achieve.[5] Making himself a respectful man.
A strong supporter of the military, he was the first Chairman of the Ceylon Light Infantry Association in 1974. He was promoted to the rank of general on his deathbed.
He gave his home to the government to establish a national defense academy.
Political career
changeAs early as 1915, Kotelawala had become interested in political leaders such as Don Senanayake and his brother F.R. Senanayake, who was married to Kotelawala's mother's sister.
He entered politics by being elected to the Legislative Council as the member of Kurunegala.[5] Thereafter he entered the State Council as a backbencher and was re-elected in 1936. In his second term he was appointed Minister of Communications.
References
change- ↑ "How Kotelawala (Snr) got young brother-in-law killed | The Sunday times Sri Lanka". Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ↑ "Men & Memories Sir John – the most colourful personality of our time". Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ↑ "118th Birth Anniversary of Late General Sir John Kotelawala commemorated". Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ↑ Jackson, Ashley (April 2009). "'Defend Lanka Your Home': War on the Home Front in Ceylon, 1939–1945". War in History. 16 (2): 213–238. doi:10.1177/0968344508100990. JSTOR 26070723. S2CID 159795163.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Men & Memories Sir John – the most colourful personality of our time". Retrieved 6 August 2020.