Kirov, Kirov Oblast
Kirov (Russian: Киров) is a city in and the capital of Kirov Oblast in Russia. As of 2020, the city has 518,348 people. It is a historical, cultural, industrial, and scientific center of Priural'e. This city is home to the Dymkovo toys.
Kirov
Ки́ров | |
|---|---|
 View of Kirov | |
.svg) Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Anthem: none[2] | |
Location of Kirov  | |
  Kirov Location of Kirov .svg) Kirov Kirov (European Russia)  Kirov Kirov (Europe) | |
| Coordinates: 58°36′N 49°41′E / 58.600°N 49.683°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kirov Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1374[3][4] |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Duma[5] |
| • Head[7] | Kovaleva Elena[6] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 757.0 km2 (292.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 150 m (490 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 473,695 |
| • Estimate (2018)[10] | 507,155 (+7.1%) |
| • Rank | 38th in 2010 |
| • Density | 630/km2 (1,600/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | City of Kirov[1] |
| • Capital of | Kirov Oblast[1], City of Kirov[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Kirov Urban Okrug[11] |
| • Capital of | Kirov Urban Okrug[11] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [12]) |
| Postal code(s)[13] | 610000–610002, 610004–610011, 610013–610021, 610025–610027, 610029–610031, 610033, 610035, 610037, 610040, 610042, 610044–610048, 610050, 610051, 610890, 610899, 610960–610967, 610990, 610995, 610999 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8332 |
| OKTMO ID | 33701000001 |
| City Day | observed in June[14] |
| Twin towns | Siedlce |
| Website | www |
History
change- The principality and republic
The native Slavic tribe of Central Russia and the Volga regions, the Vyatichis. They mixed with the Novgorodian Slovenes and Finno-Ugric people. According to the medieval chronicles, the first settlements of Russia in the area appeared in the 12th century. Kirov was first mentioned as Vyatka for the first time in 1374 when Novgorod ushkuyniks plundered it on their way to Bolghar. Vyatka was governed by a veche as other Northern Russian republics of Pskov Oblast and Novgorod Oblast. At different times in the late 14th and 15th centuries Vyatka militias raided Ustyug, Novgorod and Tatar lands on Kama and Volga. Vyatka supported Yury of Zvenigorod during the Muscovite Civil War and after his party lost the victorious Vasily II sent Muscovite armies twice against Vyatka to subjugate it and eventually it was forced to accept the suzerainty of Moscow while retaining a significant measure of autonomy. In 1469 Vyatka allied with Khan Ibrahim of the Khanate of Kazan and did not take part in the campaign of Ivan III against the khanate.
After several unsuccessful campaigns by Moscow against Vyatka in 1480s, the latter was finally annexed in 1489.
- Part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Russian Empire
Khlynov became known throughout Russia for its clay small statues and whistles. Kirov's oldest surviving monument is the Assumption Cathedral (1689), an imposing structure inhabiated by 5 globular domes.
In 1780, Catherine the Great renamed the town Vyatka and made it the seat of Vyatka Governorate. Kirov also served as a place of exile, notably for Alexander Herzen, Alexander Vitberg, and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin. By the end of the 19th century, it was an important train station on the Trans-Siberian railway.
- Soviet and post-Soviet period
In December 1934, Kirov was renamed after a leader of the Soviet Union, Sergey Kirov, who was assassinated on December 1, 1934. However, whilst the name Kirov has remained since the end of the Soviet Union, some institutions such as the university bear the former name of Vyatka.
Geography
changeKirov was located on the Vyatka River of the European part of Russia. It is 896 kilometers northeast of Moscow, 1,384 kilometers southeast of Saint Petersburg, 576 kilometers northeast of Nizhny Novgorod, and 851 kilometers northwest of Yekaterinburg.
Gallery
change
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #387-ZO
- ↑ Article 4 of the Charter of Kirov states that the city will have an anthem once one is officially adopted. As of 2016, an anthem is not listed among the symbols of the city shown on the official website of Kirov Archived 2017-06-09 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Official website of Kirov. Brief Historical Reference Archived 2022-01-26 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ↑ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 193–195. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ Charter of Kirov, Article 22
- ↑ Official website of Kirov.Kovaleva was elected head of the city of Kirov[permanent dead link], Head of Kirov (in Russian)
- ↑ Charter of Kirov, Article 28
- ↑ Official website of Kirov. Administrative-Territorial Structure Archived 2016-11-30 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ↑ Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Law #284-ZO
- ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ↑ Charter of Kirov, Article 4