Noam Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, political activist, author, and lecturer. He was an Institute Professor and professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Noam Chomsky | |
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| Born | Avram Noam Chomsky December 7, 1928 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Era | 20th / 21st-century philosophy |
| Region | Western Philosophy |
| School | Linguistics |
Main interests | Linguistics · Psychology Philosophy of language Politics · Ethics |
Notable ideas | Generative grammar |
Influenced
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Linguistics
changeChomsky created the theory of generative grammar. This is one of the most important contributions to the field of linguistics made in the 20th century. He also helped start the cognitive revolution in psychology through his review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior. He challenged the behaviorist way of looking at behavior and language. This was the main approach used in the 1950s. His natural approach to the study of language also changed the philosophy of language and mind. He also invented the Chomsky hierarchy, a way of looking at formal languages in terms of their power to explain language.
According to the Arts and Humanities Citation Index in 1992, Chomsky was cited as a source more often than any other living scholar during the 1980–1992 time period. He was the eighth-most cited scholar in any time period.[1][2][3]
Politics
changeIn the 1960s he criticized the Vietnam War. Because of that, Chomsky became more widely known for his media criticism and politics. He is a key intellectual figure within the left wing of United States politics. Chomsky is widely known for his political activism, and for his criticism of capitalism and the foreign policy of the United States and other governments. Chomsky often calls himself a libertarian socialist and an anarcho-syndicalist, and he has talked and written extensively on these subjects. He is a member of the Industrial Workers of the World, following his father William Chomsky who was also a member.[4]
In late 2015, Chomsky announced his support for Vermont U.S. senator Bernie Sanders in the upcoming 2016 United States presidential election.[5]
Health
changeChomsky had a massive stroke in June 2023 and was hospitalized in São Paulo, Brazil.[6] His wife talked about his health issues a year late in June 2024, where he remained hospitalized in Brazil.[7]
Honors
changeHe was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1963,[8] a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1972,[9] a foreign member of the Academia Europaea in 1995,[10] a foreign member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 2003[11] and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2004.[12]
He received honorary degrees from the University of Uppsala, the University of Chicago, the University of Delhi, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of London, the Loyola University Chicago, the Swarthmore College, the Bard College, the University of Cambridge, the Columbia University, the Harvard University, the Georgetown University, the Amherst College, the McGill University, the National University of Colombia, the University of Toronto, the University of Calcutta, the Scuola Normale Superiore, the Western University in Ontario and the University of Buenos Aires.[11]
He was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences in 1988.[13]
Notes
change- ↑ "Chomsky is citation champ". MIT News Office. 1992-04-15. Archived from the original on 2014-02-23. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
- ↑ Hughes, Samuel. "Speech!". The Pennsylvania Gazette. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
According to a recent survey by the Institute for Scientific Information, only Marx, Lenin, Shakespeare, Aristotle, the Bible, Plato, and Freud are cited more often in academic journals than Chomsky, who edges out Hegel and Cicero.
- ↑
Robinson, Paul (1979-02-25). "The Chomsky Problem". The New York Times.
Judged in terms of the power, range, novelty and influence of his thought, Noam Chomsky is arguably the most important intellectual alive today. He is also a disturbingly divided intellectual.
- ↑ Stirner, Max (April 2012). "Noam Chomsky & Workers' Control" (PDF). Sparks. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
- ↑ Lewis, Paul (June 19, 2015). "Inside the mind of Bernie Sanders: unbowed, unchanged, and unafraid of a good fight". The Guardian. London. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on January 17, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2017.
- ↑ Maira Butt (10 June 2024). "Noam Chomsky, 95, 'no longer able to talk' after famed intellectual suffered 'medical event'". The Independent. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ↑ "Linguist and activist Noam Chomsky hospitalized in his wife's native country of Brazil after stroke". AP News. 11 June 2024. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ↑ "Avram Noam Chomsky". American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 14 December 2024.
- ↑ "A. Noam Chomsky". National Academy of Sciences. 14 December 2024.
- ↑ "Noam Chomsky". Academia Europaea. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Noam L. Chomsky". Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. 14 December 2024.
- ↑ "Dr. Noam Chomsky". American Philosophical Society. 14 December 2024.
- ↑ "Avram Noam Chomsky". Kyoto Prize. 14 December 2024.
References
change- Barsky, Robert F. (1997). Noam Chomsky: a life of dissent. Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-1550222821. Archived from the original on 2008-01-12. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
- Chomsky, Noam (1996). Perspectives on Power. Montréal: Black Rose. ISBN 978-1551640488.
- Kreisler, Harry (2002-03-22). "Activism, Anarchism, and Power: Conversation with Noam Chomsky". Conversations with History. Institute of International Studies, UC Berkeley. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
Other websites
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Definitions from Wiktionary |
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Media from Commons |
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News stories from Wikinews |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
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Source texts from Wikisource |
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Textbooks from Wikibooks |
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Learning resources from Wikiversity |
- Official website
- Why It's Over For America, by Noam Chomsky, The Independent, May 30, 2006 Archived January 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- MIT homepage Archived 2007-02-10 at the Wayback Machine
- Noam Chomsky on IMDb
- Conversation with Noam Chomsky Archived 2017-10-10 at the Wayback Machine
- NY Times article on Chomsky—September 22, 2006
- Video of Chomsky's talk 'Force, law and the possibilities for survival' in March 2005
- joint Noam Chomsky—Howard Zinn interview, April 16 2007 part one Archived 2007-11-14 at the Wayback Machine part two Archived 2007-11-14 at the Wayback Machine
- On nedia: State of Nature interview with Noam Chomsky (September, 2006)