Sepsis

life-threatening organ dysfunction triggered by infection
(Redirected from Septicemia)

Sepsis is a very dangerous disease that occurs when an infection goes wrong. Normally the immune system of the body is able to fight the germs and overcome the infection, but in sepsis something goes wrong. The pathogen was at some point able to get into the blood or tissues.[1] The term sepsis is frequently used to refer to septicemia (blood poisoning). Septicemia is only one type of sepsis.[1][2] Bacteremia specifically refers to the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream (viremia and fungemia are the terms used for viruses and fungi). A sepsis is a medical emergency, as it can put the life in danger, if it is not acted on.[3]

Symptoms change

Common symptoms of sepsis are inflammations all over the body. This is often combined with high fever. Today, people believe, these symptoms are caused by the immune system trying to fight the disease. Because of the strong reactions, organs can be damaged in the process. In a sense, the immune system over-reacts the germs and goes wrong, causing damage to the organs.

Cause of death change

In the United States, sepsis is the leading cause of death for ICU patients which do not have heart problems. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows it is the tenth most common cause of death overall.[4] Older people, those with a weak immune system and those with a strong illness suffer from sepis more often. It is also more dangerous to them. It occurs in 1%-2% of all hospitalizations and accounts for as much as 25% of intensive care unit (ICU) bed utilization. It is a major cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, with mortality rates that range from 20% for sepsis to 40% for severe sepsis to over 60% for septic shock.

More severe forms change

Severe sepsis and septic shock are more severe forms of sepsis. With severe sepsis, one or more organs fail to work. Septic shock is when sepsis is combined with very low blood pressure.

Treatment change

Today, the bacterial forms of sepsis can be treated with antibiotics. In addition, the fluids (blood) containing the germs have to be replaced. It might also be necessary to functionally replace the organs that failed. It is important to begin to treat the sepsis as quickly as possible, as each hour it is left untreated will raise the chances of death by 5% to 10%.

About half the people affected and untreated die from the condition. Rapid access to treatment will increase the chances of survival in most cases.

References change

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Sepsis". eMedicine Online Medical Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2008-04-24. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
  2. "Septicemia". eMedicine Online Medical Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2007-10-13. Retrieved 2007-06-30.
  3. "Sepsis". NHS. 23 October 2017.
  4. Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M (2003-04-17). "The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000". N Engl J Med. 348 (16): 1546–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa022139. PMID 12700374.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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