Talk:Taika (era)

Latest comment: 12 years ago by Ansei in topic Visual explanation = simplifying?

Visual explanation = simplifying?

change

This is not simple, but perhaps it can be simplified better?

In the Asuka period after 645 and before Taihō, the Japanese era name system was used only sometimes. This is a bit confusing, but it can be understood with the use of succession boxes — Taika (era), Hakuchi (era), Saimei period, Tenji period, Kōbun period, Temmu period, Shuchō, Jitō period, Mommu period, Taihō (era). Compare NengoCalc which was developed at the University of Tübingen.

After 701, the nengō system was always used, even including the present day. Before 701, nengō were not used during the gap years between Hakuchi and Shuch. Also, nengō were not used in another gap between Shuchō and Taihō.

Concurrent Chronologies
Non-nengō periods Nengō eras Shinengō[1] Yamato dynasty duration Western calendar dates
Taika[2] 1305 645[3]
Hakuchi[4] 1310 650[5]
Saimei period[6] 1315 655[7]
Tenji period[6] 1322 662[8]
Kōbun period[9] Sujaku[10] 1332[6] 672[11]
Temmu period Hakuhō[12] 1333[6] 673[13]
Shuchō[14] 1346 686[15]
Jitō period[6] 1347 687[16]
Taika[17] 1350 695[17]
Mommu period[6] 1357 697[18]
Taihō[19] 1361 701[20]

__________

  1. Shinengō used prior to the reestablishment of the nengō system in 701 are usually called itsunengō (逸年号). A list of shinengō and more information can be seen in the Japanese Wikipedia page ja:私年号.
  2. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Taika" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 924.
  3. NengoCalc (645) 大化 Taika, online conversion of Japanese dates into their Western equivalents; calculation is based on tables from Paul Yachita Tsuchihashi. (1952). Japanese Chronological Tables from 601 to 1872 A. D. (邦暦西暦対照表) and Reinhard Zöllner (2003), Japanische Zeitrechnung; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  4. Louis-Frédéric, "Hakuchi" at p. 280.
  5. NengoCalc (650) 白雉 Hakuchi; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Murray, David. (1894). The Story of Japan, p. 402.
  7. NengoCalc (655) 斉明 Saimei; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  8. NengoCalc (622) 天智 Tenji; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  9. Brown, Delmer M. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 268 n39; post-Meiji historians identify the reign of Emperor Kōbun between the reigns of Emperor Tenji and Emperor Temmu, but pre-Meiji historians did not construe Prince Ōtomo in the traditional order of succession; compare Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 52; and see Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 天智天皇 (38)
  10. Murray, p. 402; Sujaku is also known as an Itsunengō (逸年号)
  11. NengoCalc (672) 弘文 Kōbun; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  12. Murray, p. 402; Hakuhō, also known as Itsunengō; compare Louis-Frédéric, "Hakuhō" at p. 280; Hakuhou jidai, JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System), 2001; retrieved 2011-11-14.
  13. NengoCalc (673) 弘文 Temmu; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  14. Louis-Frédéric, "Shuchō" at p. 889.
  15. NengoCalc (686) 朱鳥 Suchō; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  16. NengoCalc (687) 持統 Jitō; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  17. 17.0 17.1 Brown, p. 270; excerpt, "The eras that fell in this reign were: (1) the remaining seven years of Shuchō [(686+7=692?)]; and (2) Taika, which was four years long [695-698]. (The first year of this era was kinoto-hitsuji [695].) ...In the third year of the Taka era [697], Empress Jitō yielded the throne to the Crown Prince."
  18. NengoCalc (697) 文武 Mommu; retrieved 2012-11-14.
  19. Louis-Frédéric, "Taihō" at p. 924.
  20. NengoCalc (701) 大宝 Taihō; retrieved 2012-11-14.


A. Perhaps there may be ways to improve this set of graphic explanations?

Succession boxes, 645-704

Taika era

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Taika 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Gregorian 645 646 647 648 649 650
Preceded by:
——
Era or nengō:
Taika
Succeeded by:
Hakuchi
Preceded by:
Kōgyoku period
642—645
Imperial reign:
Kōtoku period
645—654
Succeeded by:
——

Hakuchi era

change
Hakuchi 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Gregorian 650 651 652 653 654
Preceded by:
Taika
Era or nengō:
Hakuchi
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
——
Imperial reign:
Kōtoku period
645—654
Succeeded by:
Saimei period
655—661

Saimei period

change
Saimei period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th
Gregorian 655 656 657 658 659 660 661
Preceded by:
Hakuchi
Era or nengō:
not used in these years
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
Kōtoku period
Imperial reign:
Saimei period
655—661
Succeeded by:
Tenji period
662—672

Tenji period

change
Tenji period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th
Gregorian 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672
Preceded by:
Hakuchi
Era or nengō:
not used in these years
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
Saimei period
655—661
Imperial reign:
Tenji period
662—672
Succeeded by:
Kōbun period
672—673

Kōbun period

change
Kōbun period 1st 2nd
Gregorian 672 673
Preceded by:
Hakuchi
Era or nengō:
not used in these years
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
Tenji period
662—672
Imperial reign:
Kōbun period
672—673
Succeeded by:
Temmu period
673—686

Temmu period

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Temmu period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 12th 13th 14th 15th
Gregorian 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686
Preceded by:
Hakuchi
Era or nengō:
not used in these years
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
Kōbun period
672—673
Imperial reign:
Temmu period
673—686
Succeeded by:
Jitō period
686—697

Shuchō era

change
Shuchō 1st
Gregorian 686
Preceded by:
Hakuchi
Era or nengō:
Shuchō
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
——
673—686
Imperial reign:
Temmu period
Succeeded by:
Jitō period
686—697

Jitō period

change
Jitō period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th
Gregorian 686 687 688 687 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697
Preceded by:
Shuchō
Era or nengō:
——
Succeeded by:
——
Preceded by:
Temmu period
673—686
Imperial reign:
Jitō period
686—697
Succeeded by:
Mommu period
697—707

Mommu period

change
Mommu period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th
Gregorian 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707
Preceded by:
——
Era or nengō:
——
Succeeded by:
Taihō era
Preceded by:
Jitō period
686—697
Imperial reign:
Mommu period
697—707
Succeeded by:
——

Taihō era

change
Taihō 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Gregorian 701 702 703 704
Preceded by:
——
Era or nengō:
Taihō
Succeeded by:
Keiun
Preceded by:
Jitō period
686—697
Imperial reign:
Mommu period
697—707
Succeeded by:
——


B. Perhaps a modification of Template:WesternSchism will be useful in addition to the succession boxes?

Timelines of early Japanese nengō and Imperial reign dates
Emperor MommuEmpress JitōEmperor TemmuEmperor KōbunEmperor TenjiEmpress SaimeiEmperor KōtokuKeiunTaihō (era)ShuchōHakuchi (era)Taika (era)Empress GemmeiEmpress Kōgyoku


C. Perhaps something like the "timeline" graphics created to explain the Nanboku-chō period will be useful for explaining how these years are identified?

Timeline graphics of the Nanboku-chō period
 
Genealogic tree for the Emperors of Japan, showing the Daikakuji-to and Jimyoin-to branches (in Spanish)
 
Table of the Emperors of the Northern Court and the Southern Court during the Nanobuku-chō period (in Spanish)


Looking forward: Maybe there something about the process of simplifying this pre-Taihō period which might suggest ways to better explain the nengō of the Nanboku-chō period in a visual way? --Ansei (talk) 18:00, 14 November 2012 (UTC)Reply

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