Anti-Zionism
Anti-Zionism means opposition to Zionism, the existence of the State of Israel. Those opposed to the existence of Israel are known as anti-Zionists. Anti-Zionism emerged at the same time as Zionism, when diaspora Jews began migrating to Palestine and changing the demographics there. Some anti-Zionists controversially labeled Zionism as settler colonialism.[3][4]
Reception
changeEndorsement
changePurported anti-Zionists oppose the existence of Israel under various pretexts, including concerns about Jewish nationalism, Palestinian displacement and geopolitical implications. Anti-Zionism is the strongest in the predominantly Muslim Arab world, especially among Palestinians. Some anti-Zionists call Israel "the bastard child of an evil ideology" and believe Israel to have been "born in sin" as a "racist, settler-colonial state". They accuse the Zionists of "pursuing ethnic cleansing, expulsions, theft and apartheid".[5] Media from countries subscribed to anti-Zionism sometimes delegitimize Israel as a "Zionist entity".[6][better source needed] Anti-Zionists also justify themselves by phrasing their arguments as mere criticism of Israel's policies, including the occupation of the West Bank, Golan Heights and the blockade of the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.[7][8] [9] [better source needed]
Criticism
changeCritics of anti-Zionism pointed out that many antisemites passed off their prejudice as anti-Zionism, often in the form of biased criticism or mendacious claims about Israel, if not rejecting the right of Israel to exist as a haven for Jews in a world full of violent antisemitism.[10]
Under the definition of antisemitism[11] of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), an authoritative intergovernmental organization on antisemitism and the Holocaust,[11] anti-Zionism in the sense of opposing the Jewish right to self-determination is a form of antisemitism.[11][12]
David Hirsh, a British Jewish historian, criticized the dishonesty of many anti-Zionists:[13][14]
The left-wing tradition of antizionism [...] finds itself in a broad alliance with antisemitic movements that do not find the distinction between hostility to Israel and hostility to Jews to be of much significance [. ...] Antizionism does not allow Jews [...] to define their own identities. It defines their Zionism [...] as racism [. ...] alien to any decent community of human beings.
Walter Laqueur, a German-American Jewish historian,[15] also pointed out a similar issue with the anti-Zionists:[16]
In the light of history, the argument that anti-Zionism is different from antisemitism is not very convincing. No one disputes that in the late Stalinist period anti-Zionism was merely a synonym for antisemitism. [...] in the Muslim [...] Arab world, the fine distinctions between Jews and Zionists hardly ever existed.
Related pages
changeReferences
change- ↑ Caplan, Neil (2015-05-22). Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, 1917-1925 (RLE Israel and Palestine). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-44282-0.
- ↑ A modified variant of the medieval European antisemitic slur Jewish pigs, later popularized by Martin Luther in the 16th century.
- ↑
- "Why Israel is Not a Settler Colonial State". American Jewish Committee. American Jewish Committee. November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2024.
- Kirsch, Adam (August 20, 2024). "The False Narrative of Settler Colonialism". The Atlantic. Retrieved November 2, 2024.
- "Israel is a Settler Colonial state and That's Ok". Research Gate. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- "'Settler colonialism' is the latest academic construct to attack Jews". The Jewish Chronicle. August 28, 2024. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
- "A literary critic on why the 'settler colonial' framing is bad for Israel and Palestine". The Times of Israel. September 1, 2024. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
- ↑
- Johnson, Alan (2021). "'Can't You See He's Fooled You All?': An Open Letter to Peter Gabriel et al explaining why Israel is not a 'Settler Colonial' society". Fathom Journal. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
- "LFI director: Don't under-estimate the disastrous impact of Israeli "settler-colonial" myths". Labour Friends of Israel. February 20, 2024. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
- "Challenging the settler-colonialism debate on zionism and Israel - opinion". The Jerusalem Post. August 22, 2024. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
- ↑ Rutland, Suzanne (2024-03-27). "When does anti-Zionism become antisemitism? A Jewish historian's perspective". The Conversation. Retrieved 2024-08-12.
- ↑ "Kuwaiti newspaper apologies for using 'Israel'". The New Arab. 16 January 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ "Israel's Occupation: 50 Years of Dispossession". Amnesty International. 7 June 2017.
- ↑ Rose, Sunniva (6 May 2019). "Shebaa farms: why Hezbollah uses Israel's occupation of a tiny strip of land to justify its arsenal". The National. Archived from the original on 2024-02-21. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ "Gaza Strip: A beginner's guide to an enclave under blockade". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑
- "Anti-Zionism as Antisemitism: How Anti-Zionist Language from the Left and Right Vilifies Jews". Anti-Defamation League (ADL). April 4, 2023. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
- "Far-Right Influencers on X Promote Anti-Zionism, Hate and Conspiracy Theories". Anti-Defamation League. July 17, 2024. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
- "Anti-Zionism as Anti-Semitism". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
- "Defining antisemitism: Why anti-Zionism is a form of antisemitism". World Jewish Congress. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
Why anti-Zionism is antisemitic:
Anti-Zionism denies Jews their right to self-defense [...]
Anti-Zionism denies the historical connection of the Jewish people to the Land of Israel [...]
Anti-Zionism perpetuates false accusations about Jews and Israelis [...]
Anti-Zionism is used as a tool to ignore blatant anti-Jewish hatred [...] As Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. explained so succinctly, "When people criticize Zionists, they mean Jews. You're talking antisemitism."
Anti-Zionism and its inherent demonization of Jews leads to violence [...].
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Working Definition Of Antisemitism". World Jewish Congress. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism :- Calling for, aiding, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of a radical ideology or an extremist view of religion.
- Making mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotypical allegations about Jews as such or the power of Jews as collective — such as, especially but not exclusively, the myth about a world Jewish conspiracy or of Jews controlling the media, economy, government or other societal institutions.
- Accusing Jews as a people of being responsible for real or imagined wrongdoing committed by a single Jewish person or group, or even for acts committed by non-Jews.
- Denying the fact, scope, mechanisms (e.g. gas chambers) or intentionality of the genocide of the Jewish people at the hands of National Socialist Germany and its supporters and accomplices during World War II (the Holocaust).
- Accusing the Jews as a people, or Israel as a state, of inventing or exaggerating the Holocaust.
- Accusing Jewish citizens of being more loyal to Israel, or to the alleged priorities of Jews worldwide, than to the interests of their own nations.
- Denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist endeavor.
- Applying double standards by requiring of it a behavior not expected or demanded of any other democratic nation.
- Using the symbols and images associated with classic antisemitism (e.g., claims of Jews killing Jesus or blood libel) to characterize Israel or Israelis.
- Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.
- Holding Jews collectively responsible for actions of the state of Israel.
- ↑
- Klaff, Lesley (2014). "Holocaust Inversion and contemporary antisemitism". Fathom Journal. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
- "Holocaust inversion is going mainstream". Jewish News Syndicate. August 15, 2024. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
The point, of course, is to legitimize violence against Jews.
- "Magnifying glass
Debunking Misconceptions About the Definition of Antisemitism". World Jewish Congress. Retrieved October 23, 2024.Those who hate Jews can no longer hide behind empty rhetoric
- ↑ Hirsh, David (12 January 2022). "How the Word "Zionist" Functions in Antisemitic Vocabulary". Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism. 4 (2). doi:10.26613/jca/4.2.83.
- ↑ Hirsh, David. "It was the new phenomenon of Israel-focused antisemitism that required the new definition. David Hirsh responds to a recent 'call to reject' the IHRA". Fathom Journal.
- ↑ Siegel, Fred (October 3, 2018). "Setting My Compass by Walter Laqueur, 1921-2018". Tablet Magazine. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
Walter Laqueur wrote with the range of a journalist and the depth of a historian. He helped set my intellectual compass.
Laqueur was born in Germany but escaped to Israel in 1939, leaving behind parents who perished in the Holocaust. While working the land, a fellow kibbutznik taught him Russian and by the mid-1960s he was writing books on the Soviets and the Middle East. - ↑ Laqueur, Walter (2006). "The New Antisemitism". The Changing Face of Antisemitism: From Ancient Times to the Present Day. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195341218. Retrieved October 23, 2024.