French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (French: La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government created in France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 after France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the creation of the Vichy government in France.[2]
French Republic République française | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1870–1940 | |||||||||||||||
 Flag
.svg) Coat of arms
| |||||||||||||||
| Motto: Liberté, égalité, fraternité ("Liberty, equality, fraternity") | |||||||||||||||
| Anthem: La Marseillaise ("The Marseillaise") | |||||||||||||||
Great Seal of France: .svg) | |||||||||||||||
 The French Republic in 1939
| |||||||||||||||
 Territories and colonies of the French Republic at the end of 1939 Dark blue: Metropolitan territory Light blue: Colonies, mandates, and protectorates | |||||||||||||||
| Capital | Paris | ||||||||||||||
| Common languages | French (official), several others | ||||||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism Calvinism Lutheranism Judaism | ||||||||||||||
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic | ||||||||||||||
| President | |||||||||||||||
• 1871–1873 (first) | Adolphe Thiers | ||||||||||||||
• 1932–1940 (last) | Albert Lebrun | ||||||||||||||
| President of the Council of Ministers | |||||||||||||||
• 1870–1871 (first) | Louis Jules Trochu | ||||||||||||||
• 1940 (last) | Philippe Pétain | ||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||||||
| Senate | |||||||||||||||
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||
• Proclamation by Leon Gambetta | 4 September 1870 | ||||||||||||||
• Vichy France established | 10 July 1940 | ||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||
• Total | 13,500,000 km2 (5,200,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
| 1894 (Metropolitan France) | 536,464 km2 (207,130 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||
• 1894 (Metropolitan France) | 36,100,000[1] | ||||||||||||||
• 1938 (including colonies) | 150,000,000 | ||||||||||||||
| Currency | French Franc | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Today part of |  France Algeria | ||||||||||||||
It was formed in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War from 1870-1871. After France was defeated Napoleon III was exiled from France. In 1914 France declared war on the German Empire led by Kaiser Wilhelm II until Germany became the Weimar Republic Era in 1918 after World War 1.
In 1940 after Nazi Germany started World War 2 the French surrendered. Southern France became Vichy France and France’s Colonies in North Africa surrendered while the Empire of Japan took French Indochina before Japan Attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941 .
References
change- ↑ "Population of the Major European Countries in millions".
- ↑ Anderson, F.M. (1904). The constitutions and other select documents illustrative of the history of France, 1789–1901. The H. W. Wilson company 1904., complete text online