Nobel Prize

set of annual international awards, primarily 5 established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel

Every year, the Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset) are given to people and institutions around the world. These prizes are for the study of science and for world peace. The science prizes include Literature, Science, and Medicine. The Nobel Prize was started by Alfred Nobel. His 1895 testament gave money for the Prizes. The Nobel Foundation now controls the money. The Foundation asks different committees or academies to decide who receives the prizes. For many people, a Nobel Prize is a very great honor.[1] People who receive a Nobel Prize are called "Nobel laureates".

Each prize winner gets a medal, a diploma and a sum of money.[2] In 1901, the winners of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782 SEK. This is same as 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the winners were awarded a prize of 10,000,000 SEK.[3] The awards are presented in Stockholm, Sweden, in a ceremony on December 10. This day is the anniversary of Nobel's death...[4]

Fairness and bias against women change

The Nobel Prize committee has said that giving the prize to a few women is a problem while giving it to 2 or 3 women is not. It is a serious degradation to this globally well renowned award as the countless people who have devoted their life to bring about gender equality are dismissed in less than a second. [5]

Prize categories and winners change

These are the committees and institutions who decide which people receive a Nobel Prize:

The Nobel Prize in Economics was not a part of Nobel's will. It was started in 1969 by Sveriges Riksbank, the Bank of Sweden. The bank donated money to the Nobel Foundation for the Economics Prize in 1968. The Economics Studies Prize is in the memory of Alfred Nobel. It is awarded each year with the other Nobel prizes.

Notable Nobel laureates change

Some people have received more than one Nobel Prize. They are:[6]

  • As a group, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has received the Nobel Peace Prize three times: in 1917, 1944, and 1963. The first two prizes were given the group's work during the world wars. The third was awarded at the year of its 100-Year Anniversary.

Some families have received multiple laureates.[6]

References and notes change

  1. Nobel Prizes cannot be awarded posthumously (to people who are no longer living).
  2. "The Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 27 November 2008.
  3. "The Nobel Prize Amounts". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 31 July 2008. Retrieved 27 November 2008.
  4. "The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 22 August 2008. Retrieved 27 November 2008.
  5. "Female Nobel prize winner deemed not important enough for Wikipedia entry". the Guardian. 2018-10-03. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Nobel Prize facts, nobelprize.org, accessed 18 October 2007.
  7. See "Preface" Archived 2012-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, "The Peace Prize..." Archived 2007-12-17 at the Wayback Machine and "Linus Pauling: awards, honors, and medals" Archived 2007-02-08 at the Wayback Machine, Linus Pauling and the nature of the chemical bond: a documentary history; Linus Pauling and the international peace movement; Ava Helen and Linus Pauling papers: Special Collections, the Valley Library, Oregon State University, accessed 13 December 2007.
  8. They discovered the way ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are synthesized in the body. Physiology or Medicine prize 1959, nobelprize.org, accessed 14 January 2008
  9. Roger Kornberg studied the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription. Chemistry prize 2006, nobelprize.org, accessed 14 January 2008

Other websites change

  Media related to Nobel Prize at Wikimedia Commons