Prime Minister of Estonia
Head of Government in Estonia
The Prime Minister of Estonia (Estonian: peaminister, literally Main Minister or Head Minister) is the head of government of the Republic of Estonia. The prime minister is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Parliament.
| Prime Minister of the Republic of Estonia
Eesti Vabariigi peaminister | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of | European Council |
| Residence | Stenbock House, Tallinn |
| Appointer | President of Estonia |
| Term length | No term limits. Parliamentary elections held every four years. |
| Inaugural holder | Konstantin Päts |
| Formation | 24 February 1918 |
| Salary | €5,288 monthly[1] |
| Website | http://valitsus.ee/ |
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The current Prime Minister is Kristen Michal of the Reform Party.
List of prime ministers (since 1990)
change1990–present
change| Portrait | Name | Term of office | Political party | Cabinet | Riigikogu (Election) |
Separate Head of State | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Days | |||||||
| 2nd Soviet Occupation (See Estonian Government in Exile) | |||||||||
| — | Edgar Savisaar (1950–2022) 1st Prime Minister of the Interim Government |
3 April 1990 [Note 1] |
29 January 1992 | 668 | Popular Front of Estonia (RR) [Note 2] Estonian People's Centre Party (ERKE) |
Savisaar Interim various coalition partners |
Supreme Soviet (1990) [Note 3] |
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet | |
| Chairman of the Supreme Council Arnold Rüütel [Note 3] | |||||||||
| — | 
|
Tiit Vähi (born 1947) 2nd Prime Minister of the Interim Government |
29 January 1992 | 21 October 1992 | 266 | None | Vähi Interim various coalition partners | ||
| President Lennart Georg Meri (1992–2001) [Note 4] | |||||||||
| 9 | 
|
Mart Laar (born 1960) 9th Prime Minister |
21 October 1992 | 8 November 1994 | 749 | Pro Patria (I) [Note 5] Pro Patria National Coalition Party (RKEI) |
Laar I
I–M–ERSP |
VII (1992) | |
| 10 | 
|
Andres Tarand (born 1940) 10th Prime Minister |
8 November 1994 | 17 April 1995 | 161 | Moderates (M) [Note 6] |
Tarand M–RKEI–ERSP–ELDP–VKRE [Note 6] | ||
| 11 |
|
Tiit Vähi (born 1947) 11th Prime Minister (2nd term) |
17 April 1995 | 6 November 1995 | 701 | Coalition Party and Country People's Alliance (KMÜ) |
Vähi I KMÜ–KE |
VIII (1995) | |
| 6 November 1995 | 17 March 1997 | Vähi II KMÜ–REF KMÜ KMÜ–AP [Note 8] | |||||||
| 12 | 
|
Mart Siimann (born 1946) 12th Prime Minister |
17 March 1997 | 25 March 1999 | 739 | Coalition Party and Country People's Alliance (KMÜ) |
Siimann KMÜ–AP | ||
| 13 |
|
Mart Laar (born 1960) 13th Prime Minister (2nd term) |
25 March 1999 | 28 January 2002 | 1,041 | Pro Patria Union (IL) |
Laar II IL–M–REF |
IX (1999) | |
| President Arnold Rüütel (2001–2006) [Note 4] | |||||||||
| 14 | 
|
Siim Kallas (born 1948) 14th Prime Minister |
28 January 2002 | 10 April 2003 | 438 | Reform Party (REF) |
S. Kallas REF–KE | ||
| 15 | 
|
Juhan Parts (born 1966) 15th Prime Minister |
10 April 2003 | 12 April 2005 | 735 | Res Publica Party (RES) |
Parts RES–REF–RL |
X (2003) | |
| 16 | 
|
Andrus Ansip (born 1956) 16th Prime Minister |
12 April 2005 | 5 April 2007 | 3,271 | Reform Party (REF) |
Ansip I REF–KE–RL | ||
| President Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2006–2016) [Note 4] | |||||||||
| 5 April 2007 | 6 April 2011 | Ansip II REF–IRL–SDE REF–IRL [Note 9] |
XI (2007) | ||||||
| 6 April 2011 | 26 March 2014 | Ansip III REF–IRL |
XII (2011) | ||||||
| 17 | 
|
Taavi Rõivas (born 1979) 17th Prime Minister |
26 March 2014 | 9 April 2015 | 973 | Reform Party (REF) |
Rõivas I REF–SDE | ||
| 9 April 2015 | 23 November 2016 | Rõivas II REF–SDE–IRL |
XIII (2015) | ||||||
| President Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–2021) | |||||||||
| 18 | .jpg)
|
Jüri Ratas (born 1978) 18th Prime Minister |
23 November 2016 | 29 April 2019 | 1525 | Centre Party (KE) |
Ratas I KE–SDE–IRL KE–SDE–I [Note 10] | ||
| 29 April 2019 | 26 January 2021 | Ratas II KE–EKRE–I |
XIV (2019) | ||||||
| 19 | .jpg)
|
Kaja Kallas (born 1977) 19th Prime Minister |
26 January 2021 | 14 July 2022 | 1401 | Reform Party (REF) |
K. Kallas I REF–KE REF [Note 11] | ||
| President Alar Karis (2021–) | |||||||||
| 18 July 2022 | 17 April 2023 | K. Kallas II REF–SDE–I | |||||||
| 17 April 2023 | 23 July 2024 | K. Kallas III REF–E200–SDE |
XV (2023) | ||||||
| 20 | 
|
Kristen Michal (born 1975) 20th Prime Minister |
23 July 2024 | Incumbent | 127 | Reform Party (REF) |
Michal REF–E200–SDE | ||
Notes
change- ↑ The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR on 30 March 1990 declared Soviet rule to have been illegal since 1940 and declared a transition period for full independence. Full independence was restored on 20 August 1991.
- ↑ The Popular Front of Estonia formed the Estonian People's Centre Party on 12 October 1991.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 The "Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic" was renamed the "Republic of Estonia" on 8 May 1990 and thus the translation of the Ülemnõukogu was changed from "Supreme Soviet" to "Supreme Council".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 President left the party upon assuming office.
- ↑ The electoral alliance "Pro Patria" formed the Pro Patria National Coalition Party on 21 November 1992.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 The electoral alliance "Moderates" (M) consisted of the Social Democratic Party (ESDP) and the Estonian Rural Centre Party (EMKE).
- ↑ The Estonian Liberal Democratic Party (ELDP) joined the coalition on 11 January 1994. Its ministers resigned on 21 June 1994, but the party decided to remain in the coalition and named a minister on 27 June 1994.
- ↑ The Estonian Reform Party (REF) left the coalition on 1 December 1996. The Progress Party (AP) joined the coalition on 9 December 1996.
- ↑ The Social Democratic Party (SDE) left the coalition on 21 May 2009.
- ↑ The Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica was renamed Party Pro Patria on 2 June 2018.
- ↑ The Centre Party left the coalition on 3 June 2022.
References
change- ↑ "Riigikogu liikmete ja teiste kõrgemate riigiteenijate palk ei muutu". Postimees. 15 March 2017.
