Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (Russian: Аму́рская о́бласть, tr. Amurskaya oblast, IPA: [ɐˈmurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia. Specifically, it is an oblast. It is on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The administrative centre (capital city) of the oblast is Blagoveshchensk. Blagoveshchensk is one of the oldest cities in the Russian Far East. It was founded in 1856. It is a center of trade and gold mining. Two major railways run through Amur Oblast. These are the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal-Amur Mainline. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 830,103.[7]
| Amur Oblast Амурская область (Russian) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — Oblast — | |||
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Coordinates: 53°33′N 127°50′E / 53.550°N 127.833°E | |||
| Political status | |||
| Country | Russia | ||
| Federal district | Far Eastern[1] | ||
| Economic region | Far Eastern[2] | ||
| Established | October 20, 1932[3] | ||
| Administrative center | Blagoveshchensk | ||
| Government (as of December 2014) | |||
| • Governor[5] | Vasily Orlov[4] | ||
| • Legislature | Legislative Assembly[5] | ||
| Statistics | |||
| Area (as of the 2002 Census)[6] | |||
| • Total | 363,700 km2 (140,400 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 14th | ||
| Population (2010 Census)[7] | |||
| • Total | 830,103 | ||
| • Rank | 61st | ||
| • Density[8] | 2.28/km2 (5.9/sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 66.8% | ||
| • Rural | 33.2% | ||
| Population (January 2014 est.) | |||
| • Total | 811,274[9] | ||
| Time zone(s) | YAKT (UTC+10:00) | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | RU-AMU | ||
| License plates | 28 | ||
| Official languages | Russian[10] | ||
| Official website | |||
_-_Amur_Oblast.svg)
Amur Krai (Аму́рский край) or Priamurye (Приаму́рье) were unofficial names for the Russian territories by the Amur River. They were used in the old Russian Empire.
Geography
changeAmur Oblast is in southeast Russia. It is between the Stanovoy Range in the north and the Amur River in the south. It borders the Sakha Republic in the north, Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the east, Chinese Heilongjiang in the south, and Zabaykalsky Krai in the west.
Several mountain ranges rise to the south of Stanovoy Range. This includes the Selemdzha Range parallel to it, as well as the Ezop, Yam-Alin, and the Turan ranges.
Many rivers flow through the oblast, mainly in the north. This gives 75% of the hydropower resources in the Russian Far East. Most of the oblast is in the Amur River's drainage basin. The longest rivers in Amur Oblast include the Amur, Bureya, Gilyuy, Nyukzha, Olyokma, Selemdzha, and Zeya.
Natural resources
changeAmur Oblast has large reserves of many mineral resources. The proven resources are estimated to be worth US$400 billion. Some of the most important are gold (the largest amounts in Russia), silver, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, and tin. There are also an estimated 70 billion tons of black coal and lignite reserves.
History
changeThe region has been home to many Mongolic peoples and the Manchus for millennia. It was settled by Russians through the 17th-19th centuries to the present. This growth of Russians was at its height during the building of the Trans-Siberian Railroad and after it was built.
In April 1920, the Far Eastern Republic was created from the Amur, Transbaikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and Primorye regions as a buffer state. It was created to prevent war with Japan. The Far Eastern Republic joined the RSFSR in November 1922. Amur Oblast was created in 1948.
Administrative divisions
changeThe largest urban divisions of the oblast are Blagoveshchensk, Belogorsk, Svobodny, Tynda, and Raychikhinsk.[11]
Demographics
changePopulation: 830,103 (2010 Census);[7] 902,844 (2002 Census);[12] 1,057,781 (1989 Census).[13]
According to the 2010 Census,[14] ethnic Russians, at 775,590, made up 94.3% of the population. Other main ethnic groups include Ukrainians at 16,636 (2%), Belarusians at 4,162 (0.5%), and Tatars at 3,406 (0.4%). The rest of the residents identified with over 120 different ethnic groups. Each of these smaller ethnic groups made up less than 0.5% of the population.
Largest cities and towns
changeLargest cities or towns in Amur Oblast
2010 Russian Census | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Administrative Division | Pop. | |||||||
.JPG) Blagoveshchensk  Belogorsk |
1 | Blagoveshchensk | Blagoveshchensky District | 214,390 |  Svobodny  Tynda | ||||
| 2 | Belogorsk | Belogorsky District | 68,249 | ||||||
| 3 | Svobodny | Svobodnensky District | 58,778 | ||||||
| 4 | Tynda | Tyndinsky District | 36,275 | ||||||
| 5 | Zeya | Zeysky District | 24,986 | ||||||
| 6 | Raychikhinsk | Town of oblast significance of Raychikhinsk | 20,534 | ||||||
| 7 | Shimanovsk | Shimanovsky District | 19,815 | ||||||
| 8 | Zavitinsk | Zavitinsky District | 11,481 | ||||||
| 9 | Progress | Town of oblast significance of Progress | 11,156 | ||||||
| 10 | Magdagachi | Magdagachinsky District | 10,897 | ||||||
Economy
change
Gross regional product per capita in 2007 was 131,039.60 rubles, while the national average was 198,817 rubles.[15]
Sister province
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References
change- ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
- ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ↑ USSR. Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Union Republics, p. 99
- ↑ Official website of Amur Oblast. Alexander Alexandrovich Kozlov Archived July 8, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Charter of Amur Oblast, Article 10
- ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Amur Oblast Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Возрастно-половой состав населения на 1 января 2014 года Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
- ↑ Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- ↑ Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Валовой региональный продукт на душу населения Archived February 24, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Федеральная служба государственной статистики
Other websites
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Media related to Amur Oblast at Wikimedia Commons
- Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). pp. 899–900.