Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate (دلی سلطنت), or Sultanate-e-Hind (سلطنتِ ہند) or Sultanate-e-Dilli (سلطنتِ دلی) were the Sunni Islamic Persian-speaking dynasties of Turkic and Pashtun origin, which were controlling most of the Indian subcontinent from 1210 to 1526. Most of these dynasties ruled from Delhi. This includes the Slave dynasty (1206-90), the Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451-1526). Later on, after the Pashtun Lodi dynasty was destroyed at Panipat in 1526, the region fell to the Mughals, there was again a brief period when Humayun, son of the Mughal Babur and father of Akbar the Great, was deposed by the Pashtun Suri dynasty under Sher Shah Suri who enjoyed a short rule then, before Humayun was reinstated in 1555.

Sultans of Delhi

Mamluk, or Slave dynasty (1206 - 1290)

See the main article: Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)

• Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206 - 1210)
• Aram Shah (1210 - 1211)
• Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211 - 1236)
• Rukn ud din Firuz (1236)
• Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236 - 1240) (Raziyya Sultana)
• Muiz ud din Bahram (1240 - 1242)
• Ala ud din Masud (1242 - 1246)
• Nasir ud din Mahmud (1246 - 1266)
• Ghiyas ud din Balban (1266 - 1286)
• Muiz ud din Qaiqabad (1286 - 1290)
• Shamsuddin Kayumars (1290)

Khilji (Khalji) dynasty (1290 - 1320)

• Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji (1290 - 1294)
• Ala ud din Khilji (1294 - 1316)
• Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (1316 - 1320)

Tughlaq dynasty (1321 - 1398)

• Ghiyas ud din Tughluq Shah I (1321 - 1325)
• Muhammad Shah II (1325 - 1351)
• Mahmud Ibn Muhammad ( March 1351)
• Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351 - 1388)
• Ghiyas ud din Tughluq II (1388 - 1389)
• Abu Bakar (1389 - 1390)
• Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III (1390 - 1393)
• Sikander Shah I ( March - April 1393)
• Mahmud Nasir ud din (Sultan Mahmud II) at Delhi (1393 - 1394)
• Nusrat Shah at Firuzabad (1394 - 1398)

Sayyid (Syed) dynasty (1414 - 1451)

See the main article: Sayyid dynasty

• Khizr Khan (1414 - 1421)
• Mubarrak Shah II (1421 - 1435)
• Muhammad Shah IV (1435 - 1445)
• Aladdin Alam Shah (1445 - 1451)

Lodi (Lodhi) dynasty (1451 - 1526)

• Bahlol Khan Lodi (1451-1489)
• Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517)
• Ibrahim II (1517-1526)

1526-1540: Mughal rule after the First Battle of Panipat

Suri, or Sur dynasty (1540 - 1555)

• Sher Shah Suri (Farid Khan Suri) (1540 - 1545)
• Islam Shah (1545 - 1553)
• Muhammad V (1553 - 1554)
• Firuz Shah ( 29 April - 2 May 1554)
• Ibrahim III (1554 - 1554/5)
• Sikander Shah (1554/5 - 1555)

1555: Return to Mughal Rule after brief interregnum

Related pages

• The History of South Asia series) has more information at Islamic Empires in India#Delhi Sultanate

References

• Pakistan
• Braudel, Fernand, The perspective of the World, vol III of Civilization and Capitalism 1984 (original French ed. 1979)

Literature

• Elliot and Dowson: The History of India as told by its own Historians, (New Delhi) reprint, 1990.
• Peter Jackson The Delhi Sultanate. A Political and Military History (Cambridge) 1999
• Majumdar, R. C. (ed.), The History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume VI, The Delhi Sultanate, (Bombay) 1960; Volume VII, The Mughal Empire, (Bombay) 1973.
• Nizami, Khaliq Ahmad Some Aspects of Religion and Politics in India in the Thirteenth Century (Delhi) 1961 (Revised Edition Delhi 2002)

Other websites

• Delhi Sultanate Dynasty Archived 2020-06-06 at the Wayback Machine
• List of rulers of Delhi Archived 2007-06-29 at the Wayback Machine