French First Republic
republic governing France, 1792–1804
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The French First Republic was formed on 22 September 1792, by the newly made National Convention. The First Republic lasted until the First French Empire in 1804 under Napoleon I. This time is characterized by the fall of the monarchy, the making of the National Convention and the infamous Reign of Terror, the founding of the Directory and the Thermidorian Reaction, and finally, the making of the Consulate and Napoleon’s rise to power.
French Republic République française | |||||||||||||||
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1792–1804 | |||||||||||||||
Motto: Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ou la Mort Liberty, Equality, Fraternity or Death | |||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"[1] (1795-1799) | |||||||||||||||
Capital | Paris | ||||||||||||||
Common languages | |||||||||||||||
Religion |
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Demonym(s) | French | ||||||||||||||
Government | 1792–1795 Authoritarian directorial republic
1795–1799 Oligarchical directorial republic 1799–1804 autocratic republic | ||||||||||||||
President of the National Convention | |||||||||||||||
• 1792 | Philippe Rühl (first) | ||||||||||||||
• 1795 | Jean Joseph Victor Génissieu (last) | ||||||||||||||
President of the Directory | |||||||||||||||
• 1795–1799 | By rotation: 3 months duration | ||||||||||||||
First Consul | |||||||||||||||
• 1799–1804 | Napoléon Bonaparte | ||||||||||||||
Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||||||
Council of Ancients (1795–1799) | |||||||||||||||
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Historical era | French Revolutionary Wars | ||||||||||||||
14 July 1789 | |||||||||||||||
21 September 1792 | |||||||||||||||
5 September 1793 to 28 July 1794 | |||||||||||||||
4 February 1794 | |||||||||||||||
24 July 1794 | |||||||||||||||
9 November 1799 | |||||||||||||||
18 May 1804 | |||||||||||||||
Currency | livre (to 1794), franc, assignat | ||||||||||||||
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References
change- ↑ Mould, Michael (2011). The Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French. New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 147. ISBN 978-1-136-82573-6. Retrieved 23 November 2011.