Islamic State of Iraq

Islamic State of Iraq
Islamic State of Iraq
دولة العراق الإسلامية; ; Dawlat al-ʿIrāq al-ʾIslāmiyyah
	Flag
Leaders	Abu Omar al-Baghdadi † (2006–2010) Leader ; ; Abu Ayyub al-Masri † (2006–2010) War minister and Prime minister ; ; Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (2010–2013) Leader
Dates of operation	15 October 2006 – 8 April 2013
Merger of	Mujahideen Shura Council; Al-Qaeda in Iraq; Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah; Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah;
Active regions	; ; Map of the Islamic State of Iraq and its provinces on 7th of April, 2007
Ideology	Salafism; ; Salafist jihadism; Wahhabism; Anti-Shi'ism Qutbism; ;
Allies	Al-Qaeda (until 2013) Al-Nusra Front (2012 – 2013);
Opponents	Multi-National Force – Iraq; ; Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan; Shia militias; Awakening Councils; Islamic Army in Iraq (sometimes); Naqshbandi Army (sometimes); Syria; ; Free Syrian Army (Some groups) Kurdish Supreme Committee and allied groups People's Protection Units (YPG); Women's Protection Units (YPJ); Asayish; Syriac Military Council (MFS); Sutoro;
Battles and wars	Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011) Ramadan Offensive (2006); Islamic Army–Al-Qaeda conflict; Battle of Haifa Street; Operation Imposing Law; Operation Phantom Thunder; Battle of Baqubah; Diyala campaign; Operation Phantom Phoenix; Operation Phantom Strike; 2008 Abu Kamal raid; Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Akashat ambush; Syrian Civil War Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14); Raqqa campaign (2012–13) Battle of Raqqa; ; Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–13); 2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War; Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016);
Designated as a terrorist group by	Iraq; ; Malaysia
	Preceded by; ; Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah (2004 – 2006); ; Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah (2004-2006); ; Al-Qaeda in Iraq (2004 –2006); ; Mujahideen Shura Council (2006) Succeeded by; ; Islamic State in Iraq and Syria

The Islamic State of Iraq was an Al-Qaeda offshoot in Iraq. It fought against the US army during the Iraqi civil war. The goal of the group was to overthrow the secular Iraqi government setup by George W. Bush and form a Islamic state in Iraq. The group originates from Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad which was created by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and later pledged allegiance to Al-Qaeda. However when Abu Omar al-Baghdadi came to power, he dissolved Al-Qaeda in Iraq and replacing it with the Islamic State of Iraq.^[7]^[8]

References change

↑ Gander, Kashmira (7 July 2015). "Isis flag: What do the words mean and what are its origins?". The Independent.
↑ Haroro Ingram; Craig Whiteside; Charlie Winter (March 2020).
↑ "Islamic State: The Changing Face of Modern Jihadism" (PDF).
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Hassan Hassan (13 June 2016).
↑ Caillet, Romain (27 December 2013).
↑ Zelin, Aaron Y. (June 2014).
↑ "Call for Sunni state in Iraq". www.ft.com. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
↑ Perkoski, Evan (2022). "5: Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State". Divided, Not Conquered: How Rebels Fracture and Splinters Behave. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 158, 159. ISBN 9780197627075.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[1] Gander, Kashmira (7 July 2015). "Isis flag: What do the words mean and what are its origins?". The Independent.

[ctc29May-2] Haroro Ingram; Craig Whiteside; Charlie Winter (March 2020).

[quilliamfoundation.org-3] "Islamic State: The Changing Face of Modern Jihadism" (PDF).

[sect-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Hassan Hassan (13 June 2016).

[5] Caillet, Romain (27 December 2013).

[6] Zelin, Aaron Y. (June 2014).

[FT15Oct062-7] "Call for Sunni state in Iraq". www.ft.com. Retrieved 2024-01-14.

[Perkoski_2022_158,_1592-8] Perkoski, Evan (2022). "5: Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State". Divided, Not Conquered: How Rebels Fracture and Splinters Behave. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 158, 159. ISBN 9780197627075.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

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[3]

[4]

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[6]

Islamic State of Iraq
دولة العراق الإسلامية Dawlat al-ʿIrāq al-ʾIslāmiyyah
Flag^[1]
Leaders	Abu Omar al-Baghdadi † (2006–2010) Leader Abu Ayyub al-Masri † (2006–2010) War minister and Prime minister Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (2010–2013) Leader
Dates of operation	15 October 2006 – 8 April 2013^[2]
Merger of	Mujahideen Shura Council Al-Qaeda in Iraq Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah
Active regions	Map of the Islamic State of Iraq and its provinces on 7th of April, 2007
Ideology	Salafism Salafist jihadism^[3] Wahhabism^[4] Anti-Shi'ism^[4] Qutbism
Allies	Al-Qaeda^[5]^[6] (until 2013) Al-Nusra Front (2012 – 2013)
Opponents	Multi-National Force – Iraq Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan Shia militias Awakening Councils Islamic Army in Iraq (sometimes) Naqshbandi Army (sometimes) Syria Free Syrian Army (Some groups) Kurdish Supreme Committee and allied groups People's Protection Units (YPG) Women's Protection Units (YPJ) Asayish Syriac Military Council (MFS) Sutoro
Battles and wars	Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011) Ramadan Offensive (2006) Islamic Army–Al-Qaeda conflict Battle of Haifa Street Operation Imposing Law Operation Phantom Thunder Battle of Baqubah Diyala campaign Operation Phantom Phoenix Operation Phantom Strike 2008 Abu Kamal raid Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Akashat ambush Syrian Civil War Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14) Raqqa campaign (2012–13) Battle of Raqqa Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–13) 2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
Designated as a terrorist group by	Iraq Malaysia
Preceded by Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah (2004 – 2006) Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah (2004-2006) Al-Qaeda in Iraq (2004 –2006) Mujahideen Shura Council (2006) Succeeded by Islamic State in Iraq and Syria