Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
autonomous republic of Azerbaijan
The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Azerbaijani: Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası, az) is a landlocked exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The region covers 5,502.75 km2 (2,124.62 sq mi)[2] with a population of 459,600[3] bordering Armenia (border 221 km [137 mi]) to the east and north, Iran (border 179 km [111 mi]) to the south and west, and Turkey (border 8 km [5.0 mi]) to the northwest.
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası (Azerbaijani) | |
|---|---|
 Official Flag
 Coat of arms
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Anthem:
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 Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic within Azerbaijan | |
| Capital | Nakhchivan |
| Official languages | Azerbaijani |
| Demonym(s) | Nakhchivani |
| Government | |
• Parliamentary chairman | Vasif Talibov |
| Alovsat Bakhshiyev | |
| Legislature | Supreme Assembly |
| Autonomy | |
• Establishment of the Nakhchivan ASSR | February 9, 1924 |
• Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic | November 17, 1990 |
| Area | |
• Total | 5,502 km2 (2,124 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2020 census | 459,600 |
• Density | 84/km2 (217.6/sq mi) |
| HDI (2014) |  0.772[1]high |
| Currency | Azerbaijan manat (AZN) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| Calling code | +994 36 |
| ISO 3166 code | AZ |
Name
change"Nakhchivan" is believed to have Persian origins, with "Nakhjavan" meaning "place of descent" or "landing." The name could be associated with geographical features or historical events in the region.[4]
History
changeNakhchivan has a rich history dating back to ancient times. It was part of various empires, including the Persian and Ottoman. In the 20th century, it became an autonomous republic within the Soviet Union. Today, it's an integral part of Azerbaijan, maintaining its unique cultural and historical significance.[5]
Districts
change
Nakhchivan has eight administrative divisions. Seven of these are districts, while the capital city is separate.
| Map ref. | Administrative division | Capital | Type | Area (km²) | Population (1 August 2011 estimate)[6] | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Babek (Babək) | Babek | Rayon | 749,81[6] | 66,2[6] | Formerly known as Nakhchivan; renamed after Babak Khorramdin in 1991 |
| 2 | Julfa (Culfa) | Julfa | Rayon | 1012,75[6] | 43,000[6] | Also spelled Jugha or Dzhulfa. |
| 3 | Kangarli (Kəngərli) | Givraq | Rayon | 711,86[6] | 28,900[6] | Split from Babek in March 2004 |
| 4 | Nakhchivan City (Naxçıvan Şəhər) | Municipality | 191,82[6] | 85,700[6] | Split from Nakhchivan (Babek) in 1991 | |
| 5 | Ordubad | Ordubad | Rayon | 994,88[6] | 46,500[6] | Split from Julfa during Sovietization[7] |
| 6 | Sadarak (Sədərək) | Heydarabad | Rayon | 153,49[6] | 14,500[6] | Split from Sharur in 1990; de jure includes the Karki exclave in Armenia, which is de facto under Armenian control |
| 7 | Shakhbuz (Şahbuz) | Shahbuz | Rayon | 838,04[6] | 23,400[6] | Split from Nakhchivan (Babek) during Sovietization[7] Territory roughly corresponds to the Čahuk (Չահւք) district of the historic Syunik region within the Kingdom of Armenia[8] |
| 8 | Sharur (Şərur) | Sharur | Rayon | 847,35[6] | 106,600[6] | Formerly known as Bash-Norashen during its incorporation into the Soviet Union and Ilyich (after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin) from the post-Sovietization period to 1990[7] |
| Total | 5,500[6] | 414,900[6] |
Famous people from Nakhchivan
changePolitical leaders
change- Heydar Aliyev, former President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003) and father of the current President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev (2003–present).
- Abulfaz Elchibey, former President of Azerbaijan (1992–1993)
- Rasul Guliyev, former speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan (1993–1996) and opposition leader
- Christapor Mikaelian, founding member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation
- Stepan Sapah-Gulian, leader of the Armenian Social Democrat Hunchakian Party (19th-20th century)
- Jafar Kuli Khan Nakhchivanski, the founder of the short-lived Republic of Aras
- Ibrahim Abilov, first and only ambassador of Azerbaijan SSR to Turkey
- Garegin Nzhdeh, famous Armenian revolutionary, military leader and political thinker
Religious leaders
change- Alexander Jughaetsi (Alexander I of Jugha), Catholicos of All Armenians (1706–1714)
- Hakob Jughaetsi (Jacob IV of Jugha), Armenian Catholicos (1655–1680)
- Azaria I Jughaetsi, Armenian Catholicos of the Holy See of Cilicia (1584–1601)
Military leaders
change- Abdurahman Fatalibeyli, Soviet army major who defected to the German forces during World War II
- Ehsan Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
- Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian cavalry general and the only Muslim to serve as General-Adjutant of the Russian Tsar
- Ismail Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
- Kelbali Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
- Jamshid Khan Nakhchivanski, Soviet and Azerbaijani military general
Writers and poets
change- M.S. Gulubekov, writer
- Huseyn Javid, poet
- Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, writer and satirist
- Ekmouladdin Nakhchivani, medieval literary figure
- Hindushah Nakhchivani, medieval literary figure
- Abdurrakhman en-Neshevi, medieval literary figure
- Mammed Said Ordubadi, writer
- Heyran Khanum, late medieval poet
- Elşen Hudiyev, contemporary poet and writer
- Mammad Araz, poet
Others
change- Vladimir Makogonov, chess International Master and Grandmaster
- Ajami Nakhchivani, architect and founder of the Nakhchivan school of architecture
- Gaik Ovakimian, Soviet Armenian spy
- Ibrahim Safi, Turkish artist
- Rza Tahmasib, Azerbaijani film director
Related pages
changeReferences
change- ↑ Xəlilzadə, elgunkh, Elgun Xelilzade, Elgun Khalilzadeh, Elgün. "Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası Dövlət Statistika Komitəsi". Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Official portal of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic :Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic Archived December 9, 2012, at Archive.today
- ↑ "Population of Azerbaijan". stat.gov.az. State Statistics Committee. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
- ↑ Karimi, Majid (2021-12-31). "The Etymology and Origins of the Name Nakhichevan from the Historical Sources". History and Culture. Journal of Armenian Studies. 16 (2): 137–147. ISSN 1829-2771.
- ↑ "Naxcivan | History & Geography | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2023-10-11. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 Official portal of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic :Cities and regions Archived 2014-05-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Hewsen, Robert H (2001). Armenia: A Historical Atlas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 266. ISBN 978-0-226-33228-4.
- ↑ Hewsen. Armenia: A Historical Atlas, p. 123.