Russian Republic

For its successor and the constituent republic of the Soviet Union, see Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. For the modern-day country, see Russia. For its federal subjects, see Republics of Russia.

The Russian Republic, officially the Russian Democratic Federal Republic, was a short-lived state that existed from 1917 to 1918. It replaced the former Russian Empire, and was the last non-communist unified Russian nation before the beginning of the Russian Civil War. It was created by the Russian Provisional Government in 1917, another short-lived state that replaced the Russian Empire. While the Bolsheviks had removed the government of the Republic, there would be one more attempt to recreate the Russian Republic in 1918, which ended in the Bolsheviks once again removing the government, a day later.

Russian Republic (1917–1918) Российская Республика Russian Democratic Federal Republic (1918) Российская Демократическая Федеративная Республика
1917–1918
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Рабочая Марсельеза Rabochaya Marsel'yeza "Worker's Marseillaise" Гимн Свободной России Gimn Svobodnoy Rossii "Anthem of Free Russia" (Unofficial)
Government Seal:
Under control shortly before the Bolshevik Revolution
Capital and largest city	Petrograd
Common languages	Russian
Demonym(s)	Russian
Government	Federal republic under a provisional government
Minister-Chairman
• September–November 1917	Alexander Kerensky
• 1917–1918	none
Chairman of the Constituent Assembly
• 18–19 January 1918	Viktor Chernov
Legislature	Provisional Council (1917) none (1917–1918) Constituent Assembly (1918)
Historical era	World War I / Russian Revolution
• February Revolution	8–16 March 1917
• Republic proclaimed	14 September 1917
• October Revolution	7 November 1917
• Assembly elected	25 November 1917
• Constitution adopted	18 January 1918
• Constituent Assembly dissolved	19 January 1918
Currency	Ruble
Preceded by Succeeded by Russian Empire Russian Provisional Government Bolshevik Russia South Russia Transcaucasian Commissariat Turkestan Finland Alash Autonomy Crimea Moldavia Buryat-Mongolia Siberia Ukraine Estonia Yakutia Idel-Ural Altai Belarus Green Ukraine Northern Caucasus Northwest Russia Latvia Lithuania

History

After the February Revolution, Nicholas II resigned from the throne as Tsar of the Russian Empire, and a provisional government was formed. This provisional government was semi-democratic (with power split between the Bolsheviks and the provisional government), however had a very fragile government. In July 1917, the then leader of the Republic, Georgy Lvov resigned after not being able to gain the support of the Russian people. Lavr Kornilov gained control of the Republic, and created another provisional government. Bolshevik forces would remove the government in charge of the Republic in November 1917, but the government continued to de jure exist until January 1918.