List of Russian monarchs

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This is a list of the kings, queens, and other rulers ("monarchs") of Russia, from 862 to 917.

The list starts with Rurik, the ruler (Prince) of a state called Novgorod in 862. It ends with Nicholas the Second, who stopped ruling in 1917. Nicholas the Second and his family were killed in 1918.

Princes of Novgorod

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Monarch Portrait Born-Died Relationship with Predecessor(s) Ruled from Ruled until
Rurik   830-879 none 862 879
Oleg of Novgorod (regent)   855-912 Relative of Rurik and regent of Rurik's son, Prince Igor of Kiev 879 882

Grand Princes of Kiev

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Monarch Portrait Born-Died Relationship with Predecessor(s) Ruled from Ruled until
Askold and Dir (non-Rurikids)   ?-882 none 842[1][2] or 862 882
Oleg of Novgorod (regent)   855-912 Relative of Rurik and regent of Rurik's son, Prince Igor of Kiev 882 Autumn 912
Igor I 878-945 Son of Rurik 879 (in Novgorod, as an heir of Rurik); 913[3] Autumn 945
Saint Olga of Kiev (regent)   890-969 Igor I's wife and regent of Sviatoslav I of Kiev 945 962
Sviatoslav I the Great   942–972 Son of Igor I and Olga of Kiev Autumn 945 March 972
Yaropolk I   950-980 Son of Sviatoslav I March 972 11 June 980
Saint Vladimir I the Great   958–1015 Younger son of Sviatoslav I, brother of Yaropolk I 11 June 980 15 July 1015
Sviatopolk I the Accursed   980–1019 Son of Vladimir I 15 July 1015 Autumn 1016
Yaroslav I the Wise   978–1054 Younger son of Vladimir I, brother of Sviatopolk I Autumn 1016 Summer 1018
Sviatopolk I the Accursed   980–1019 Son of Vladimir I 14 August 1018 27 July 1019
Yaroslav I the Wise   978–1054 Younger son of Vladimir I, Younger brother of Sviatopolk I 27 July 1019 20 February 1054
Iziaslav I   1024–1078 First son of Yaroslav I 20 February 1054 15 September 1068
Vseslav of Polotsk   1039–1101 Great-Grandson of Vladimir I. Usurped the Kievan Throne 15 September 1068 29 April 1069
Iziaslav I   1024–1078 First son of Yaroslav I 2 May 1069 22 March 1073
Sviatoslav II   1027–1076 Third son of Yaroslav I 22 March 1073 27 December 1076
Vsevolod I   1030–1093 Fourth son of Yaroslav I 1 January 1077 15 July 1077
Iziaslav I   1024–1078 First son of Yaroslav I 15 July 1077 3 October 1078
Vsevolod I   1030–1093 Fourth son of Yaroslav I 3 October 1078 13 April 1093
Sviatopolk II   1050–1113 Son of Iziaslav I 24 April 1093 16 April 1113
Vladimir II Monomakh   1053–1125 Son of Vsevolod I 20 April 1113 19 May 1125
Mstislav the Great   1076–1132 Son of Vladimir II 20 May 1125 15 April 1132
Yaropolk II   1082–1139 Son of Vladimir II, Younger brother of Mstislav 17 April 1132 18 February 1139
Viacheslav I   1083-2 February 1154 Son of Vladimir II 22 February 1139 4 March 1139
Vsevolod II   1084-1146 Grandson of Sviatoslav II 5 March 1139 30 July 1146
Igor II   1096-19 September 1146 Grandson of Sviatoslav II 1 August 1146 13 August 1146
Iziaslav II Panteleimon   1097–1154 Older son of Mstislav 13 August 1146 23 August 1149
Yuri I the Long Arms   1099–1157 Younger brother of Mstislav 28 August 1149 Summer 1150
Viacheslav I   1083-2 February 1154 Son of Vladimir II Summer 1150 Summer 1150
Iziaslav II Panteleimon   1097–1154 Older son of Mstislav Summer 1150 Summer 1150
Yuri I the Long Arms   1099–1157 Younger brother of Mstislav August 1150 Winter 1151
Iziaslav II Panteleimon   1097–1154 Older son of Mstislav Winter 1151 13 November 1154
Viacheslav I   1083-2 February 1154 Son of Vladimir II Spring 1151 6 February 1154
Rostislav I   1110–1165 Second son of Mstislav 1154 January 1155
Iziaslav III   ?-1162 Grandson of Sviatoslav II January 1155 1155
Yuri I the Long Arms   1099–1157 Younger brother of Mstislav 20 March 1155 15 May 1157
Iziaslav III   ?-1162 Grandson of Sviatoslav II 19 May 1157 December 1158
Mstislav II   1125–1170 Son of Iziaslav III 22 December 1158 Spring 1159
Rostislav I   1110–1167 Second son of Mstislav 12 April 1159 8 February 1161
Iziaslav III   ?-1162 Grandson of Sviatoslav II 12 February 1161 6 March 1161
Rostislav I   1110–1167 Second son of Mstislav March 1161 14 March 1167
Vladimir III 1132–1173 Younger son of Mstislav Spring 1167 Spring 1167
Mstislav II   1125–1170 Son of Iziaslav III 19 May 1167 12 March 1169

Grand Princes of Vladimir

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Monarch Portrait Born-Died Relationship with Predecessor(s) Ruled from Ruled until
Saint Andrei I Bogolyubsky   1110–1174 Son of Yuri I 15 May 1157 29 June 1174
Mikhail I   ?-1176 Brother of Andrei I 1174 September 1174
Yaropolk ?-after 1196 Grandson of Vladimir II 1174 15 June 1175
Mikhail I   ?-1176 Brother of Andrei I 15 June 1175 20 June 1176
Vsevolod III the Big Nest   1154–1212 Brother of Andrei I and Mikhail I June 1176 15 April 1212
Yuri II   1189–1238 Son of Vsevolod III 1212 27 April 1216
Konstantin of Rostov   1186–1218 Son of Vsevolod III Spring 1216 2 February 1218
Yuri II   1189–1238 Son of Vsevolod III February 1218 4 March 1238
Yaroslav II   1191–1246 Son of Vsevolod III 1238 30 September 1246
Sviatoslav III 1196–3 February 1252 Son of Vsevolod III 1246 1248
Mikhail Khorobrit 1229–15 January 1248 Son of Yaroslav II 1248 15 January 1248
Sviatoslav III 1196– 3 February 1252 Son of Vsevolod III 1248 1249
Andrey II   1221–1264 Son of Yaroslav II December 1249 24 July 1252
Saint Alexander I Nevsky   1220–1263 Son of Yaroslav II 1252 14 November 1263
Yaroslav III   1230–1272 Son of Yaroslav II 1264 1271
Vasily of Kostroma   1241–1276 Son of Yaroslav II 1272 January 1277
Dmitry of Pereslavl   1250–1294 Son of St. Alexander 1277 1281
Andrey III   1255–1304 Son of St. Alexander 1281 December 1283
Dmitry of Pereslavl   1250–1294 Son of St. Alexander December 1283 1293
Andrey III   1255–1304 Son of St. Alexander 1293 1304
Saint Michael of Tver   1271–1318 Son of Yaroslav III Autumn 1304 22 November 1318
Yuri (III) of Moscow   1281–1325 Grandson of St. Alexander 1318 2 November 1322
Dmitry I the Terrible Eyes   1299–1326 Son of St. Michael 1322 15 September 1326
Alexander of Tver   1281–1339 Son of St. Michael 1326 1327
Alexander of Suzdal ?–1331 Grandson of Andrey II 1328 1331
Ivan I of Moscow Kalita   1288–1340 Grandson of St. Alexander 1332 31 March 1340

Since 1331 the title of the Grand Princes of Vladimir was assigned to the Princes of Moscow.

Grand Princes of Moscow

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Daniel   Son of St. Alexander 1261 unknown 1283 4 March 1303 4 March 1303, Moscow, Russia
Yury   Son of Daniel 1281 unknown 4 March 1303 21 November 1325 21 November 1325, Moscow, Russia
Ivan I Kalita   Son of Daniel 1288 Helena
9 children
21 November 1325 31 March 1340 31 March 1340, Moscow, Russia
Simeon the Proud   Son of Ivan I 7 November 1316 Anastasia of Lithuania
no children

Euphraxia of Smolensk
no children

Maria of Tver
4 sons (died young)
31 March 1340 27 April 1353 27 April 1353, Moscow, Russia
Ivan II the Handsome   Son of Ivan I 30 March 1326 Fedosia Dmitrievna of Bryansk
no children

Alexandra Ivanovna Velyaminova
4 children
27 April 1353 13 November 1359 13 November 1359, Moscow, Russia
Saint Dmitry I Donskoy   Son of Ivan II 12 October 1350 Eudoxia Dmitrievna of Nizhny Novgorod
12 children
13 November 1359 19 May 1389 19 May 1389, Moscow, Russia
Vasily I   Son of Dmitry I 30 December 1371 Sophia of Lithuania
9 children
19 May 1389 27 February 1425 27 February 1425, Moscow, Russia
Vasily II the Blind   Son of Vasily I 10 March 1415 Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk
3 children
27 February 1425 30 March 1434 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia
Yury of Zvenigorod no image Son of Dmitry I 26 November 1374 Anastasia Yurynovna
3 children
31 March 1434 5 June 1434 5 June 1434, Moscow, Russia
Vasily Kosoy no image Son of Yury of Zvenigorod 1421 5 June 1434 1435 1435, Moscow, Russia
Vasily II the Blind   Son of Vasily I 10 March 1415 Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk
3 children
1435 1446 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia
Dmitry Shemyaka no image Son of Yury of Zvenigorod 1446 26 March 1447 1453, Moscow, Russia
Vasily II the Blind   Son of Vasily I 10 March 1415 Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk
3 children
27 February 1447 27 March 1462 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia
Ivan III the Great   Son of Vasily II 22 January 1440 Maria Borisovna of Tver
one son

Sophia Palaiologina
8 children
5 April 1462 6 November 1505 6 November 1505, Moscow, Russia
Vasily III   Son of Ivan III 25 March 1479 Solomonia Yuryevna Saburova
no children

Elana Vasilyevna Glinskaya
2 sons
6 November 1505 13 December 1533 13 December 1533, Moscow, Russia
Ivan IV the Terrible   Son of Vasily III 25 August 1530 unmarried as Prince 13 December 1533 26 January 1547 28 March 1584

Tsars of Russia

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Dates are listed in the Old Style, which continued to be used in Russia.

House of Rurikovich

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Ivan IV the Terrible   Son of Vasily III 25 August 1530, Kolomenskoye, Russia Anastasia Romanovna Zakharyina-Yurieva
6 children

Maria Temryukovna
one son (died young)

Marfa Vasilevna Sobakina

Anna Alexeievna Koltovskaya

Anna Vasilchikova

Vasilisa Melentyeva

Maria Dolgorukaya

Maria Feodorovna Nagaya
26 January 1547 28 March 1584 28 March 1584, Moscow, Russia
Simeon II no image None Anastasia Mstislavskaya
(great great granddaughter of Ivan III)
1575 1576 5 January 1616, Moscow, Russia
Feodor I   Son of Ivan IV 31 May 1557, Moscow, Russia Irina Feodorovna Godunova
one daughter
28 March 1584 17 January 1598 17 January 1598, Moscow, Russia

Time of Troubles

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House of Godunov

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Irina (disputed)   Wife of Feodor I c.1557 Feodor I of Russia
a daughter
7 January 1598 15 January 1598 29 October 1603, Moscow, Russia
Boris I   Brother of Irina c.1551, Vyazma, Russia Maria Grigorievna Skuratova-Belskaya
2 children
21 February 1598 13 April 1605 13 April 1605, Moscow, Russia
Feodor II   Son of Boris I 1589, Moscow, Russia unmarried, no children 13 April 1605 1 June 1605 1 June 1605, Moscow, Russia

Pseudo-Rurikovich usurpers

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
False Dmitry I
(Grigory Bogdanovich Otrepyev)
  None c. 1581 Marina Mniszech
no children
1 June 1605 17 May 1606 17 May 1606, Moscow, Russia
False Dmitry II   None c. 1582 Marina Mniszech
one son (posthumous)
10 July 1607 11 December 1610 11 December 1610, Kaluga, Russia
False Dmitry III (Sidorka) no image None unknown unknown 28 March 1611 18 May 1612 July 1612

House of Shuysky

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Vasiliy IV   Ninth generation descendant of Andrei II in the male line 22 September 1552, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia Elena Mikhailovna Repnina
no children

Maria Buynosova-Rostovskaya
2 children
19 May 1606 17 July 1610 (deposed) 12 September 1612, Gostynin, Poland

House of Vasa

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Vladislav I   None 9 June 1595, Łobzów, Poland Cecilia Renata of Austria
a daughter and a son, Sigismund Casimir

Marie Louise Gonzaga
no children
6 September 1610 November 1612 (deposed)
14 June 1634 (resigned his claim)
20 May 1648, Merkinė, Lithuania

House of Romanov

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Michael I   First cousin once removed of Feodor I 12 July 1596
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova
1624
one stillborn child

Eudoxia Lukyanovna Streshneva
5 February 1626
ten children
26 July 1613 12 July 1645 12 July 1645, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Alexis I the Quietest   Son of Michael I 9 May 1629
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya
17 January 1648
13 children

Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina
1 February 1671
3 children
12 July 1645 29 January 1676 29 January 1676, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Feodor III   Son of Alexis I 9 June 1661
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Agaphia Simeonovna Grushevskaya
28 July 1680
one son

Marfa Matveievna Apraksina
24 February 1682
no children
29 January 1676 7 May 1682 7 May 1682, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Sophia (regent)   Daughter of Alexis I 17 September 1657
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
unmarried, no children 17 May 1682 27 August 1689 3 July 1704, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Ivan V
jointly with Peter I
  Son of Alexis I 6 September 1666
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova
1684
5 daughters
2 June 1682 8 February 1696 8 February 1696, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Peter I the Great
jointly with Ivan V 1682–1696
  Son of Alexis I 9 June 1672
Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina
1689
3 children

Marta Helena Skowrońska
1707
9 children
2 June 1682 2 November 1721 8 February 1725, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire

Emperors of Russia

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Monarch Portrait Relationship with Predecessor(s) Birth Marriage Ruled from Ruled until Death
Peter I the Great   Son of Alexis I 9 June 1672
Moscow, Tsardom of Russia
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina
1689
3 children

Marta Helena Skowrońska
1707
9 children
2 November 1721 8 February 1725 8 February 1725, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Catherine I   Wife of Peter I 15 April 1684
Ringen (Rõngu), Duchy of Livonia, Sweden
Peter I of Russia
1707
9 children
8 February 1725 17 May 1727 17 May 1727,
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Peter II   Grandson of Peter I 23 October 1715
St. Petersburg, Tsardom of Russia
unmarried 18 May 1727 30 January 1730 30 January 1730, Moscow, Russian Empire
Anna   Daughter of Ivan V 7 February 1693
Moscow, Tsardom of Russia
Frederick Wilhelm, Duke of Courland
November 1710
no children
13 February 1730 28 October 1740 28 October 1740, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Ivan VI   Great-grandson of Ivan V 23 August 1740
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
unmarried 28 October 1740 6 December 1741 16 July 1764 (murdered)
Shlisselburg, Russian Empire
Elizabeth   Daughter of Peter I 29 December 1709
Kolomenskoye, Tsardom of Russia
Alexey Razumovsky
1742
no children
6 December 1741 5 January 1762 5 January 1762,
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Peter III   Grandson of Peter I 21 February 1728
Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein
Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst
16 August 1745
one son
9 January 1762 9 July 1762 17 July 1762 (murdered), Ropsha, Russian Empire
Catherine II the Great   Wife of Peter III 2 May 1729
Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia
Peter III of Russia
16 August 1745
one son
9 July 1762 17 November 1796 17 November 1796, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Paul I   Son of Peter III 1 October 1754
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
29 September 1773
one stillborn son

Princess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
26 September 1776
ten children
17 November 1796 23 March 1801 23 March 1801
(assassinated)
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Alexander I the Blessed   Son of Paul I 23 December 1777
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Princess Louise of Baden
28 September 1793
2 daughters
23 March 1801 1 December 1825 1 December 1825, Taganrog, Russian Empire
Constantine I (disputed)   Son of Paul I 27 April 1779
Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire
Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
26 February
no children
1 December 1825 26 December 1825 27 June 1831
Vitebsk, Russian Empire
Nicholas I   Son of Paul I 6 July 1796
Gatchina, Russian Empire
Princess Charlotte of Prussia
13 July 1817
7 children
1 December 1825 2 March 1855 2 March 1855,
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Alexander II the Liberator   Son of Nicholas I 29 April 1818
Moscow, Russian Empire
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine
16 April 1841
8 children
2 March 1855 13 March 1881 13 March 1881
(assassinated)
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Alexander III the Peace-Maker   Son of Alexander II 10 March 1845
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Princess Dagmar of Denmark
9 November 1866
6 children
13 March 1881 1 November 1894 1 November 1894
Livadiya, Russian Empire
Saint Nicholas II   Son of Alexander III 6 May 1868
Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire
Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine
26 November 1894
5 children
1 November 1894 15 March 1917 17 July 1918 (executed)
Yekaterinburg, Russian SFSR
Michael II (disputed)   Son of Alexander III 22 November 1878
Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire
Natalia Brassova
15 October 1911
one son (born before his parents' marriage)
15 March 1917 16 March 1917 (formally, 1 September 1917, the formal abolishment of monarchy) 12 June 1918 (murdered)
Perm, Russian SFSR

References

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  1. Suszko, Henryk (2003). Latopis hustyński. Opracowanie, przekład i komentarze. Slavica Wratislaviensia CXXIV. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. ISBN 83-229-2412-7; Tolochko, Oleksiy (2010). The Hustyn' Chronicle. (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Literature: Texts) ISBN 978-1-932650-03-7
  2. according to the Tale of Bygone Years, the date is not clearly identified
  3. officially