Arab Christians

Arab Christians are people who speak Arabic or of Arabic-speaking origin and practice the religion of Christianity.

Arab Christians
الْعَرَبُ الْمَسِيحِيُّونَ

Christian Arab women in Bethlehem c. 1900
Regions with significant populations
Syria	520,000–703,000[b][c][d] (excluding 25,000–52,000 Maronites)
Lebanon	350,000[b][c] (excluding 1 million Maronites)
Jordan	221,000[b] (also 1,000 Maronites)
Israel	134,130[b] (including 1,000 Copts and excluding 7,000 Maronites)
Palestine	38,000 (excluding East Jerusalem)–50,000
Iraq	10,000[b]
Egypt	10,000–350,000[a] (not including 9-15 million Copts and 5,000 Maronites)
Turkey	18,000
Morocco	8,000–40,000.
Kuwait	250-400
Languages
Arabic, Hebrew (within Israel), French (within Lebanon and diaspora), English, Spanish and Portuguese (diaspora)
Religion
Christianity: Catholic (Eastern, Latin) Greek Orthodox (Antioch, Jerusalem, Alexandria) Protestantism
[a].^ excluding Copts [b].^ excluding Assyrians [c].^ excluding Maronites [d].^ prior to Syrian civil war

Most Christian Arabs live in the Middle East, where Islam is the biggest religion. The largest number of Arab Christians are in Egypt (around 8 million). Many Arabs have emigrated from the Middle East in modern times. In some places such as the Americas, a big number of these Arabs are Christians. In Brazil, there are more than 12 million Arabs, and most of these people are Christian.

History

Arab Christians faced significant persecution with the Muslim conquests of Christian countries after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. Conversion was often required for those who could not pay a substantial tax known as the 'jizya'. Furthermore, during various periods in the history of the Islamic world, Arab Christians were subject to at times brutal and humiliating persecution. Despite this, many Christians chose not to change their religion to Islam. Instead, they kept Christianity as their belief. Muslims call them the "People of the Book" (with Jews).

In the early 21st century, persecution of Christians area increased. In most countries they are required to obey Islamic "Shari'ah" law. In some countries, notably Egypt, political approval is required for the construction or renovation of a church - such restrictions are not present in the construction of Mosques. Countries in the Arabian Gulf, most notably Saudi Arabia, do not allow for the construction of churches or the public practice of Christianity - although that is slowly changing in progressive areas like the UAE. Coptic Christians in Egypt continue to face significant discrimination in the workplace and have a hard time reaching to the upper echelons in universities, corporations, and government offices.

Arab Christians have been around before Arab Muslims. This is because many Arab tribes became Christians since the first century. They were the Nabateans (whose ancestors were Aramean) and the Ghassanids (who were of Qahtani origin and spoke Yemeni-Arabic and Greek). They protected the south-eastern parts of the Byzantine Empire in north Arabia.

Arab Christians made important contributions to the Arab world, and they still do. Some of the best poets in certain past centuries were Arab Christians, and many Arab Christians were doctors, writers, government staff, and people who knew a lot about literature.